Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which drug is the antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AFlumazenil
2. BNaloxone
3. CVitamin K
4. DAcetylcysteine

Уровень какого нейромедиатора в синапсе повышает антидепрессант сертралин?

1. AСеротонина
2. BДофамина
3. CГАМК
4. DАцетилхолина

Methylphenidate, used in ADHD, belongs to which class?

1. AOpioid analgesics
2. BBenzodiazepines
3. CCentral nervous system stimulants
4. DAntipsychotics (dopamine blockers)

After instilling eye drops, why should the patient press gently on the inner corner of the eye for a minute or two?

1. ATo spread the drop evenly over the eyelid
2. BTo reduce drainage into the nose and absorption into blood
3. CTo make the pupil dilate faster
4. DTo stop the eye from producing tears for about an hour

Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?

1. AIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
2. BIt is mixed into blood products to save time
3. CIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
4. DIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access

Почему доксициклин нельзя принимать одновременно с молоком или антацидами?

1. AМолоко ускоряет его расщепление в печени за счёт индукции ферментов
2. BАнтациды превращают его в токсичное соединение
3. CЭто сочетание вызывает тяжёлый запор
4. DКальций и другие ионы металлов связывают его и уменьшают всасывание

A man taking spironolactone for heart failure develops painful breast enlargement. Which change may be considered?

1. ASwitching to eplerenone, which has fewer anti-androgen effects
2. BSwitching to potassium chloride tablets
3. CDoubling the spironolactone dose to overcome the side effect
4. DAdding testosterone injections

Why should a dose never be written as "5,0 mg" on a medication order?

1. AThe pharmacy cannot supply doses that contain a decimal point
2. BIt is too precise for most drugs
3. CIt means the dose must be given five times
4. DThe decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg