Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Бесплатный лист заданий для печати по теме «Фармакология»: 8 задач от простых до экзаменационного уровня, с ответами. Распечатайте его или сохраните как PDF.

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Имя: ____________________   Дата: ____________

1.Лёгкая

Oxytocin is used in obstetrics mainly to:

  1. AInduce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
  2. BStop preterm labour by relaxing the uterine muscle
  3. CLower blood pressure in pre-eclampsia
  4. DMature the fetal lungs before birth
2.Лёгкая

Stimulation of which receptor increases heart rate and the force of contraction?

  1. ABeta-1 adrenergic receptor
  2. BAlpha-2 adrenergic receptor
  3. CMuscarinic M2 receptor
  4. DBeta-2 adrenergic receptor
3.Лёгкая

Baclofen is used mainly to treat:

  1. AHigh blood pressure in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia
  2. BAcid reflux and heartburn
  3. CBacterial infections of the skin
  4. DMuscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
4.Средняя

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

  1. AGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
  2. BGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
  3. CGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
  4. DGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
5.Средняя

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a corticosteroid inhaler at the same time of day. Which order is usually taught?

  1. AThe order does not matter and no waiting is needed
  2. BUse the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid
  3. CUse both in the same breath to save time
  4. DUse the steroid first, then the salbutamol right after without any gap
6.Средняя

Варфарин действует, потому что:

  1. AАктивирует антитромбин
  2. BБлокирует витамин K-зависимый синтез факторов свёртывания
  3. CПрямо ингибирует тромбин
  4. DБлокирует агрегацию тромбоцитов через необратимое подавление ЦОГ-1
7.Сложная

A teenager took a large overdose of diphenhydramine. He is agitated, hot, flushed and confused, with dry skin, dilated pupils and a full bladder. What is this pattern?

  1. AAnticholinergic toxidrome
  2. BOpioid toxidrome
  3. CSerotonin syndrome
  4. DCholinergic toxidrome
8.Сложная

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

  1. AThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding
  2. BThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration
  3. CBlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
  4. DThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction

Ответы

  1. 1. A · Induce or strengthen contractions and prevent postpartum bleeding
  2. 2. A · Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
  3. 3. D · Muscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
  4. 4. A · Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk
  5. 5. B · Use the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid
  6. 6. B · Блокирует витамин K-зависимый синтез факторов свёртывания
  7. 7. A · Anticholinergic toxidrome
  8. 8. C · Blockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation

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