Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Бесплатный лист заданий для печати по теме «Фармакология»: 8 задач от простых до экзаменационного уровня, с ответами. Распечатайте его или сохраните как PDF.

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1.Лёгкая

Baclofen is used mainly to treat:

  1. AHigh blood pressure in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia
  2. BAcid reflux and heartburn
  3. CBacterial infections of the skin
  4. DMuscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
2.Лёгкая

How do local anaesthetics such as lidocaine block pain?

  1. AThey block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes
  2. BThey enhance the action of GABA in the brain and spinal cord
  3. CThey block prostaglandin synthesis at the injury site
  4. DThey activate opioid receptors in the spinal cord
3.Лёгкая

How do second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine differ from older ones?

  1. AThey work only on the skin
  2. BThey are given only by injection
  3. CThey block H2 receptors in the stomach
  4. DThey cause much less drowsiness
4.Средняя

A patient wants to stop paroxetine suddenly. What should the nurse explain?

  1. AIt can cause dizziness, "electric shock" feelings and irritability
  2. BStopping suddenly causes dangerous low blood sugar
  3. CStopping suddenly causes the drug to work better for a while
  4. DIt can be stopped at any time, as antidepressants cause no withdrawal effects
5.Средняя

A patient with difficulty swallowing is prescribed several tablets. Which one should not be crushed?

  1. AA plain paracetamol tablet
  2. BA plain aspirin dispersible tablet
  3. CA tablet that the pharmacist says may be crushed
  4. DA modified-release (extended-release) tablet
6.Средняя

An Rh-negative mother gives birth to an Rh-positive baby. When is anti-D immunoglobulin usually given?

  1. AAt least two weeks after the birth
  2. BWithin 72 hours after the birth
  3. CIt is not needed if the baby is Rh-positive
  4. DOnly at the start of the next pregnancy
7.Сложная

Which statement about raloxifene for postmenopausal osteoporosis is correct?

  1. AIt has no effect on the risk of blood clots
  2. BIt is a bisphosphonate taken weekly with water
  3. CIt acts like oestrogen in all tissues, including the breast, and relieves hot flushes
  4. DIt acts like oestrogen on bone but blocks oestrogen in the breast, and raises clot risk
8.Сложная

Выведение нулевого порядка, как у алкоголя в обычных количествах, означает, что:

  1. AВыведение останавливается при высоких концентрациях
  2. BПериод полувыведения постоянен независимо от уровня
  3. CЗа единицу времени выводится постоянная доля
  4. DЗа единицу времени выводится постоянное количество

Ответы

  1. 1. D · Muscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis
  2. 2. A · They block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes
  3. 3. D · They cause much less drowsiness
  4. 4. A · It can cause dizziness, "electric shock" feelings and irritability
  5. 5. D · A modified-release (extended-release) tablet
  6. 6. B · Within 72 hours after the birth
  7. 7. D · It acts like oestrogen on bone but blocks oestrogen in the breast, and raises clot risk
  8. 8. D · За единицу времени выводится постоянное количество

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