Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which drug is first-line for symptomatic bradycardia in adults?

1. ADigoxin
2. BAtropine
3. CMetoprolol
4. DAdenosine

Which antibiotic group shares the beta-lactam ring with penicillins?

1. ATetracyclines
2. BMacrolides
3. CCephalosporins
4. DAminoglycosides

How does activated charcoal work in poisoning?

1. AIt binds (adsorbs) the poison in the gut so less is absorbed
2. BIt speeds up liver metabolism of the poison
3. CIt makes the patient vomit the poison before it is absorbed
4. DIt neutralises acids in the blood

A patient with a peanut allergy is taught to use an adrenaline auto-injector. Which statement is correct?

1. AThere is no need to see a doctor if the swelling goes down
2. BKeep it at home so it is not lost
3. CUse it only if the antihistamine has not worked after an hour
4. DCall emergency services after using it, even if symptoms improve

A patient is starting lisinopril. Which rare but serious adverse effect should the nurse teach the patient to report immediately?

1. AA harmless rash on the palms of the hands
2. BSwelling of the lips, tongue or face
3. CDarker skin after exposure to sunlight
4. DAn increase in appetite in the evening

An adult patient is due to receive digoxin. The apical pulse, counted for a full minute, is 52 beats per minute. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold the dose and notify the prescriber
2. BGive the dose and recheck the pulse in one hour
3. CGive half the dose and document the pulse
4. DGive the dose with food to slow absorption

Почему при тяжёлой гиперкалиемии внутривенно вводят инсулин с глюкозой?

1. AГлюкоза связывает калий в крови
2. BИнсулин увеличивает выведение калия почками
3. CИнсулин перемещает калий из крови в клетки
4. DИнсулин напрямую защищает сердечную мышцу от калия

A patient on disulfiram becomes flushed, nauseated and has palpitations after using a mouthwash. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAn allergy to mint flavouring in the mouthwash
2. BLow blood glucose from skipping breakfast
3. CAlcohol in the mouthwash caused a disulfiram–alcohol reaction
4. DDisulfiram toxicity from taking too many tablets by mistake