Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Epoetin alfa, often used in chronic kidney disease, stimulates the production of:

1. AWhite blood cells
2. BRed blood cells
3. CClotting factors
4. DPlatelets

Why is anti-D immunoglobulin given to an Rh-negative mother?

1. ATo make her own blood group Rh-positive before the next pregnancy
2. BTo stop her forming anti-D antibodies against Rh-positive fetal cells
3. CTo speed up labour
4. DTo treat anaemia in the newborn

Disulfiram is used in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. ACures liver damage caused by alcohol
2. BReplaces alcohol at its receptors in the brain
3. CRemoves alcohol from the blood faster
4. DCauses an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is drunk

Примерно за какое время лекарство, вводимое через равные промежутки, достигает равновесного состояния?

1. AЗа 10 периодов полувыведения
2. BЗа 4–5 периодов полувыведения
3. CЭто зависит только от величины дозы
4. DЗа 1 период полувыведения

Which teaching about zolpidem is correct?

1. ATake it with alcohol to make it act faster
2. BTake it right before bed, only if you can sleep a full night
3. CDrive soon after waking, as the drug has no next-day effect
4. DTake it in the morning so that it is out of the system by night

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a corticosteroid inhaler at the same time of day. Which order is usually taught?

1. AUse the steroid first, then the salbutamol right after without any gap
2. BThe order does not matter and no waiting is needed
3. CUse both in the same breath to save time
4. DUse the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis takes oral propranolol, a drug with a high first-pass metabolism. What effect is expected?

1. ALess drug is absorbed from the gut, so a higher dose is needed
2. BMore drug reaches the circulation, so a lower dose may be needed
3. CThe drug is excreted faster by the kidney, so it works for a shorter time
4. DThe first-pass effect increases, so the drug becomes inactive

Lithium taken in the first trimester of pregnancy has been linked to which type of birth defect?

1. ALimb defects similar to thalidomide
2. BCleft lip and palate only
3. CNeural tube defects such as spina bifida
4. DHeart malformations, such as Ebstein's anomaly