Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which of these insulins is rapid-acting?

1. AInsulin glargine
2. BNPH (isophane) insulin
3. CInsulin lispro
4. DInsulin detemir

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. AOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)
2. BBlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
3. CExcess saliva production
4. DLoss of taste

Which drug is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?

1. AProtamine sulfate
2. BNaloxone
3. CPotassium chloride
4. DCalcium gluconate

During an infusion of a vesicant chemotherapy drug, the patient reports burning, and the site is swollen. What should the nurse do first?

1. AFlush the line with a large volume of saline
2. BIncrease the infusion rate to finish quickly
3. CStop the infusion, leave the cannula in and follow the protocol
4. DRemove the cannula at once and massage the area firmly

Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?

1. AIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
2. BIt is mixed into blood products to save time
3. CIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access
4. DIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push

During an amphotericin B infusion, the patient has fever, chills and shaking. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AA sign that the drug has been given into an artery
2. BSevere hypoglycaemia caused by the drug
3. CA sign that the fungal infection is cured
4. DA common infusion reaction to amphotericin B

A woman has received a high-dose oxytocin infusion with large volumes of hypotonic fluid for many hours. She now has a headache, confusion and a low serum sodium. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal tiredness after a long labour
2. BAn allergic reaction to oxytocin causing brain swelling
3. CWater intoxication from the antidiuretic effect of oxytocin
4. DExcessive salt in the infusion fluid

An older patient who has taken omeprazole for many years has muscle cramps, tremor and an irregular heartbeat. Which lab finding is most likely linked to the drug?

1. AHigh serum calcium
2. BHigh serum sodium
3. CLow serum glucose
4. DLow serum magnesium