Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Tamoxifen is used mainly to treat:

1. AOsteoarthritis
2. BType 2 diabetes
3. COestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
4. DProstate enlargement and prostate cancer in older men

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BExcess saliva production
3. CLoss of taste
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

Why is folinic acid (leucovorin) given after high-dose methotrexate?

1. ATo treat an allergic reaction to methotrexate
2. BTo make methotrexate act faster on the tumour
3. CTo protect normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
4. DTo prevent nausea and vomiting after the methotrexate

A man taking tamsulosin is planning cataract surgery. What should the nurse advise?

1. ATake a double dose on the day of surgery
2. BTell the eye surgeon, as it can cause floppy iris syndrome
3. CStop the drug for one day and no further action is needed
4. DThe drug has no link with eye surgery

Which group of effects would the nurse expect after a dose of an anticholinergic drug such as atropine?

1. ADiarrhoea, frequent urination and sweating
2. BBronchial secretions, wheeze and tearing of the eyes
3. CHeavy salivation, slow heart rate and small pupils
4. DDry mouth, faster heart rate and dilated pupils

Лекарство подавляет печёночный фермент CYP3A4. Что может произойти со вторым препаратом, который в основном метаболизируется CYP3A4?

1. AЕго уровень в плазме падает, и он может перестать действовать в обычной дозе
2. BЕго уровень в плазме растёт, повышая риск побочных эффектов
3. CНичего, потому что ферменты не влияют на другие лекарства
4. DПочки выводят его быстрее

A patient has received a sodium nitroprusside infusion for several days. He becomes confused and develops a metabolic acidosis. What should be suspected?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the plastic of the infusion bag
2. BHypoglycaemia from nitroprusside
3. CHyperkalaemia from the infusion
4. DCyanide toxicity from nitroprusside breakdown

A patient on digoxin is started on amiodarone. What change should the nurse expect?

1. ADigoxin levels rise, so the digoxin dose is often reduced
2. BDigoxin levels fall sharply, so the digoxin dose is doubled
3. CAmiodarone levels fall to zero
4. DNo interaction is expected