Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic index?

1. ALoratadine
2. BLithium
3. COmeprazole
4. DAmoxicillin

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AThe person has an allergy to the drug
2. BWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
3. CThe person takes the drug only when needed
4. DThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses

How does ezetimibe lower cholesterol?

1. AIt reduces the absorption of cholesterol from the intestine
2. BIt binds bile acids in the gut
3. CIt inhibits HMG-CoA reductase in the liver
4. DIt increases the excretion of cholesterol in the urine and bile

A patient takes isoniazid. Which advice is most important?

1. AAvoid alcohol and report jaundice, dark urine or poor appetite
2. BStop the drug when the cough improves
3. CTake it with antacids to protect the stomach from irritation
4. DExpect the urine to turn orange

Which blood test is used to monitor warfarin therapy?

1. AActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
2. BINR (prothrombin time)
3. CSerum albumin
4. DPlatelet count

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. ADarker stools than usual
2. BMild tiredness in the first few days
3. CA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
4. DPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon

In myxoedema coma, why is hydrocortisone often given before or with thyroid hormone?

1. AThyroid hormone is inactive unless hydrocortisone is given
2. BHydrocortisone makes thyroid hormone work faster
3. CThyroid hormone can trigger adrenal crisis if cortisol is also low
4. DHydrocortisone prevents the hypoglycaemia caused by levothyroxine

Почему дозирование гентамицина контролируют по уровню в крови?

1. AОн вызывает тяжёлую гипогликемию
2. BОн действует только в очень высоких концентрациях
3. CОн полностью метаболизируется печенью, поэтому дозу определяет функция печени
4. DОн нефро- и ототоксичен и имеет узкий терапевтический индекс