Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Fibrates such as fenofibrate mainly lower which blood lipid?

1. AHDL cholesterol
2. BLipoprotein(a) only
3. CBile acids
4. DTriglycerides

Dextromethorphan is used as:

1. AAn antibiotic for chest infections
2. BAn expectorant that thins mucus
3. CA nasal decongestant
4. DA cough suppressant

Vitamin D supplements support bone health mainly by:

1. AIncreasing calcium loss in the urine
2. BReplacing collagen in bone
3. CStimulating osteoclasts to break down bone
4. DIncreasing calcium absorption from the gut

Why is aspirin avoided in children and teenagers with viral illnesses such as flu or chickenpox?

1. AIt is linked to Reye's syndrome, which harms the liver and brain
2. BIt causes grey baby syndrome
3. CIt causes severe, permanent hearing loss in young children
4. DIt stops the vaccine from working

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
2. BAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
3. CAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
4. DOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level

Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?

1. AThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
2. BThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
3. CIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
4. DThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine

An older patient who has taken omeprazole for many years has muscle cramps, tremor and an irregular heartbeat. Which lab finding is most likely linked to the drug?

1. AHigh serum sodium
2. BHigh serum calcium
3. CLow serum glucose
4. DLow serum magnesium

A toddler swallowed many of his mother's iron tablets. He has vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Which drug may be used to bind iron?

1. AActivated charcoal given by mouth
2. BNaloxone
3. CDeferoxamine (desferrioxamine)
4. DAcetylcysteine