Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which of these is a live attenuated vaccine?

1. AInactivated influenza injection
2. BTetanus toxoid
3. CHepatitis B vaccine
4. DMMR (measles, mumps and rubella)

Why is carbidopa combined with levodopa?

1. AIt blocks dopamine receptors to reduce nausea in the brain
2. BIt converts levodopa into dopamine inside the gut
3. CIt stops levodopa turning into dopamine outside the brain
4. DIt increases the breakdown of dopamine in the liver

Which of these is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic?

1. AOlanzapine
2. BFluphenazine
3. CHaloperidol
4. DChlorpromazine

While giving medicines, a patient says, "That pill looks different from the one I usually take." What should the nurse do?

1. AStop and recheck the order and the medicine before giving it
2. BGive the pill and check the chart afterwards
3. CReassure the patient and give the pill anyway
4. DExplain that only the staff decide which medicines are given

A patient taking levodopa finds that the drug works poorly after large meals. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. ADouble the dose after each meal
2. BTake the drug only at bedtime
3. CAvoid taking doses at the same time as high-protein meals
4. DTake every dose with a large glass of milk and a protein snack

A transplant patient takes tacrolimus. Which monitoring is most important?

1. ASerum amylase
2. BThyroid function and bone density
3. CPeak expiratory flow
4. DBlood drug levels and kidney function

A patient is switched from oral to intravenous morphine. Why is the IV dose lower than the oral dose?

1. AThe oral route causes tolerance faster than the IV route
2. BOral morphine has a large first-pass effect, so less reaches the blood
3. CIV morphine is a stronger chemical form of the drug
4. DIV morphine is excreted much more slowly by the kidney than oral morphine

How does aripiprazole differ from most other antipsychotics?

1. AIt is a full dopamine agonist that increases dopamine activity
2. BIt is a partial agonist at dopamine D2 receptors
3. CIt works by blocking the reuptake of serotonin only
4. DIt has no effect on dopamine and acts only on histamine