Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Giving a patient immunoglobulin after exposure to an infection provides which type of immunity?

1. AActive immunity
2. BHerd immunity
3. CInnate immunity
4. DPassive immunity

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ACalcium channel blockers
2. BThyroid hormones
3. CCorticosteroids
4. DBisphosphonates

Baclofen is used mainly to treat:

1. AAcid reflux and heartburn
2. BBacterial infections of the skin
3. CHigh blood pressure in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia
4. DMuscle spasticity, for example in multiple sclerosis

What should the nurse teach a patient starting nitrofurantoin?

1. ATake it on an empty stomach with an antacid
2. BExpect blue urine, which shows that the drug is working well
3. CStop it as soon as the burning settles
4. DTake it with food, and the urine may turn dark yellow or brown

A patient with Addison's disease on hydrocortisone develops a fever with flu. What is the usual advice?

1. AMake no change, as illness does not affect cortisol needs
2. BStop the hydrocortisone until the fever settles, to let the body recover
3. CIncrease the dose as instructed (sick-day rules) and seek help if vomiting
4. DHalve the hydrocortisone to reduce side effects

Ацикловир в основном применяют для лечения инфекций, вызванных:

1. AБактериями, вырабатывающими бета-лактамазу
2. BВИЧ
3. CВирусом гриппа A
4. DГерпесвирусами, например вирусом простого герпеса и вирусом варицелла-зостер

Неконкурентный (необратимый) антагонист изменяет кривую «доза — эффект», потому что:

1. AСнижает максимальный ответ
2. BДелает кривую круче без других изменений
3. CСдвигает кривую вправо с тем же максимумом
4. DСдвигает кривую влево

Which strategy is most effective at preventing errors with IV insulin infusions?

1. AAn independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library
2. BWriting "U" for units on the order
3. CPreparing insulin infusions in advance and leaving them unlabelled
4. DUsing insulin syringes to measure large IV volumes