Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Infliximab and adalimumab are biological drugs that block:

1. AHistamine H1 receptors in the skin and airways
2. BTumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)
3. CInsulin receptors
4. DVitamin K recycling

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AThe person has an allergy to the drug
2. BThe person takes the drug only when needed
3. CWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
4. DThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses

Для лечения какого состояния применяют левотироксин?

1. AГипотиреоза
2. BГипертиреоза
3. CБолезни Аддисона
4. DДиабета 1 типа

Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?

1. AOral digoxin
2. BIntravenous adenosine (rapid push)
3. CIntravenous magnesium sulfate
4. DIntravenous verapamil

Which description fits tardive dyskinesia?

1. AA sudden painful spasm of the neck muscles and upward rolling of the eyes within days of the first dose
2. BInvoluntary movements of the lips, tongue and face after long-term antipsychotic use
3. CHigh fever with lead-pipe rigidity and confusion
4. DA low white cell count with sore throat and fever

A patient takes low-dose weekly methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which monitoring is needed?

1. ARegular blood count, liver and kidney function tests
2. BMonthly hearing tests
3. CDaily blood glucose checks
4. DWeekly INR checks and a monthly ECG to check the heart rhythm

Объём распределения лекарства очень велик (например, 500 L у взрослого). О чём это говорит?

1. AЛекарство быстро выводится почками
2. BЛекарство почти полностью остаётся в плазменном компартменте
3. CЛекарство активно захватывается тканями
4. DЛекарство нельзя вводить внутривенно

Beta-lactam antibiotics show time-dependent killing. What does this mean for administration?

1. ADoses should be given on time at evenly spaced intervals
2. BDoses can be given at any time as long as the daily total is right
3. CDoses should be given only when the patient has a fever
4. DA single very large daily dose works best