Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Which drug is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity?

1. APotassium chloride
2. BNaloxone
3. CProtamine sulfate
4. DCalcium gluconate

Which long-term side effect of phenytoin makes good oral hygiene especially important?

1. ABlue-grey discoloration of the teeth and gums
2. BExcess saliva production
3. CLoss of taste
4. DOvergrowth of the gums (gingival hyperplasia)

Какой препарат является средством первой линии при анафилаксии?

1. AИнгаляционный сальбутамол
2. BПероральный преднизолон
3. CПероральный антигистаминный препарат
4. DАдреналин внутримышечно

During an amphotericin B infusion, the patient has fever, chills and shaking. What is the most likely explanation?

1. ASevere hypoglycaemia caused by the drug
2. BA sign that the drug has been given into an artery
3. CA sign that the fungal infection is cured
4. DA common infusion reaction to amphotericin B

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AA glucose tolerance test
2. BAn echocardiogram in every patient
3. CScreening for latent tuberculosis
4. DA bone density scan

After naloxone reverses an opioid overdose, why must the patient be watched closely?

1. ANaloxone itself causes respiratory depression at high doses
2. BNaloxone often causes severe low blood glucose a few hours after the dose
3. CNaloxone makes the opioid stay longer in the body
4. DNaloxone may wear off before the opioid does, so breathing can slow again

Which strategy is most effective at preventing errors with IV insulin infusions?

1. AUsing insulin syringes to measure large IV volumes
2. BWriting "U" for units on the order
3. CAn independent double check and a smart pump with a drug library
4. DPreparing insulin infusions in advance and leaving them unlabelled

A baby born to a mother on methadone becomes irritable on day 2, with a high-pitched cry, tremors, sneezing and poor feeding. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANormal newborn behaviour
2. BVitamin K deficiency bleeding
3. CNeonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome
4. DNeonatal hypoglycaemia from maternal diabetes