Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Alendronate, used for osteoporosis, belongs to which class?

1. ABisphosphonates
2. BThyroid hormones
3. CCalcium channel blockers
4. DCorticosteroids

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

1. ATo start labour contractions
2. BTo treat a urinary infection
3. CTo raise her blood pressure
4. DTo prevent eclamptic seizures

Что такое плацебо?

1. AЛекарство, активное только в группе плацебо
2. BЛекарство, назначаемое в половинной дозе, чтобы уменьшить побочные эффекты в исследованиях
3. CНеактивное средство, которое всё же может вызывать эффекты за счёт ожиданий
4. DНовое лекарство, ещё не получившее одобрения

Which rule applies to intravenous potassium chloride?

1. AIt is mixed into blood products to save time
2. BIt must be diluted and given as an infusion, never as an IV push
3. CIt is given as a rapid IV push to correct low levels quickly
4. DIt may be given intramuscularly if there is no IV access

A person who has never been vaccinated against tetanus has a deep, dirty wound. What is usually given?

1. ATetanus vaccine and tetanus immunoglobulin
2. BTetanus vaccine only, after the wound heals
3. CNo treatment unless symptoms appear
4. DOral antibiotics only

How does sucralfate help a peptic ulcer heal?

1. AIt blocks histamine H2 receptors in the stomach
2. BIt kills Helicobacter pylori directly
3. CIt neutralises acid by releasing bicarbonate
4. DIt forms a protective coating over the ulcer base

A patient taking dabigatran has a life-threatening bleed. Which specific reversal agent is used?

1. AIdarucizumab
2. BAndexanet alfa
3. CVitamin K
4. DProtamine sulfate

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. ABlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
2. BThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration
3. CThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding
4. DThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction