Фармакология: лист заданий с ответами

Для лечения какого состояния применяют левотироксин?

1. AГипертиреоза
2. BГипотиреоза
3. CБолезни Аддисона
4. DДиабета 1 типа

Which adverse effect of ethambutol requires vision checks?

1. APermanent dilation of the pupils
2. BOptic neuritis, with blurred vision and colour blindness
3. CCataracts that form within a few days of starting
4. DBleeding in the back of the eye

Which signs are typical of hypoglycaemia?

1. AFruity breath with deep, rapid breathing
2. BA slow pulse, constipation and weight gain
3. CSweating, shakiness, a fast heart rate and confusion
4. DThirst, frequent urination and warm, dry, flushed skin

How should a patient take oral alendronate?

1. AWith plain water on an empty stomach, staying upright for 30 minutes
2. BWith breakfast and coffee to protect the stomach
3. CCrushed into yoghurt with calcium supplements
4. DWith milk at bedtime, then lying down straight away to aid absorption

Почему НПВС, например ибупрофен, повышают риск язвы желудка?

1. AНепосредственно растворяют слой слизи
2. BПовышают pH желудочной кислоты
3. CСнижают защитные простагландины в слизистой желудка
4. DУвеличивают количество Helicobacter pylori в желудке

Апиксабан и ривароксабан — антикоагулянты, которые напрямую ингибируют:

1. AТромбин
2. BВитамин K-эпоксидредуктазу
3. CТромбоцитарный рецептор P2Y12
4. DФактор Xa

Why may omeprazole be avoided in a patient taking clopidogrel?

1. AIt inhibits CYP2C19, so less clopidogrel is converted to its active form
2. BIt increases clopidogrel absorption from the gut and causes bleeding
3. CIt binds clopidogrel in the stomach and makes it insoluble
4. DIt speeds up kidney excretion of clopidogrel

In myxoedema coma, why is hydrocortisone often given before or with thyroid hormone?

1. AThyroid hormone can trigger adrenal crisis if cortisol is also low
2. BHydrocortisone makes thyroid hormone work faster
3. CHydrocortisone prevents the hypoglycaemia caused by levothyroxine
4. DThyroid hormone is inactive unless hydrocortisone is given