Понимание прочитанного (вступительные экзамены): лист заданий с ответами

The Great Wall of China is not a single wall. It is a series of walls built over many centuries by different rulers to protect against invasions. Why was the Great Wall built?

1. ATo protect against invasions
2. BTo create a road for trade only
3. CTo store grain for winter
4. DTo mark the edge of a farm

A rainbow can appear when sunlight shines through raindrops. The drops bend the light and split it into different colours. What causes a rainbow?

1. AWind blowing the rain sideways
2. BClouds blocking the sunlight
3. CSunlight passing through raindrops
4. DMoonlight on the sea

Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It is made mostly of gas and has a giant storm called the Great Red Spot. What is the Great Red Spot?

1. AA large moon
2. BA frozen ocean
3. CA deep crater
4. DA giant storm

Kelp is a type of large brown algae that grows in cold ocean water. Kelp forests provide food and shelter for many animals, including sea otters, which eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp. How do sea otters help kelp forests?

1. AThey plant new kelp on the ocean floor.
2. BThey eat the sea urchins that feed on kelp.
3. CThey keep the water warm for the kelp.
4. DThey eat the kelp before it grows too tall.

A line graph shows the number of visitors to a park each month. The line rises steadily from January to July, then falls from August to December. Which statement best describes the data?

1. AVisits are the same in every month of the year.
2. BVisits fall in the first half and rise in the second.
3. CVisits are highest in January and lowest in July.
4. DVisits peak around July and then fall towards December.

“The tide was coming in fast. The children, busy building their sandcastle, did not notice the water creeping closer and closer.” What is most likely to happen next?

1. AThe tide will go back out.
2. BThe rising water will reach the sandcastle.
3. CThey will build a castle on the cliffs.
4. DThey will win a sandcastle prize.

The author writes: “If we let students use calculators in maths class, soon they will forget how to add, then they won’t be able to manage money, and eventually our economy will collapse.” What type of flawed reasoning is this?

1. AA conclusion based on careful data
2. BA fair comparison of two options
3. CAn appeal to a famous person
4. DAn exaggerated chain of consequences

“Every year, Grandpa planted one more apple tree. When people asked why, since he would not live to see them fruit, he smiled and said, ‘They are not for me.’” What does Grandpa’s answer suggest?

1. AHe planned to sell the young trees soon for money.
2. BHe did not know how trees grow.
3. CHe planted the trees for future generations.
4. DHe did not like eating apples himself.