ใบงาน การพยาบาลทางคลินิก พร้อมเฉลย

What is the most reliable indicator of pain in a patient who can communicate?

1. AThe patient's heart rate
2. BThe patient's own report
3. CThe patient's blood pressure
4. DThe nurse's impression of their face

What is the usual normal range for serum potassium in adults (in mmol/L, numerically equal to mEq/L)?

1. AAbout 135–145 mmol/L
2. BAbout 1.5–2.5 mmol/L
3. CAbout 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
4. DAbout 6.5–8.0 mmol/L

What does a pulse oximeter measure?

1. AThe percentage of haemoglobin saturated with oxygen
2. BThe concentration of haemoglobin in the blood
3. CThe partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood
4. DThe amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma

Which advice should be given to a patient with a new permanent pacemaker?

1. AStop all heart medicines straight away
2. BNever raise the arm on that side again
3. CTell staff about the pacemaker before any MRI scan or procedure
4. DAvoid using all household electrical appliances such as kettles

ผู้ป่วยตับแข็ง (liver cirrhosis) สับสนและง่วงซึม มือสั่นแบบกระพือ (flapping tremor) ภาวะแทรกซ้อนใดที่เป็นไปได้?

1. Aโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง
2. Bมึนเมาแอลกอฮอล์เท่านั้น
3. Cสมองเสื่อมจากโรคตับ (hepatic encephalopathy)
4. Dน้ำตาลในเลือดต่ำจากอินซูลิน

A patient on the ward has shingles with open blisters. Which people are most at risk from contact?

1. APregnant women and immunocompromised people who have not had chickenpox
2. BOnly people over 80 who have already had shingles themselves
3. CPeople who have already had chickenpox in childhood and are now healthy
4. DNo one, because shingles cannot spread

A patient took a large paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose six hours ago and says they feel well. Why is treatment still urgent?

1. APatients who feel well after six hours never need any treatment at all
2. BParacetamol damage only shows up in the kidneys, many weeks later
3. CLiver damage develops later, and the antidote works best when given early
4. DParacetamol overdose causes immediate breathing problems

During CPR for asystole, when should adrenaline (epinephrine) be given according to standard adult guidelines?

1. ANever, because asystole is not treated with drugs
2. BAs soon as IV or IO access is obtained, then every 3–5 minutes
3. COnly after three shocks have been delivered by the defibrillator
4. DOnly once the patient has a pulse again