ใบงาน เภสัชวิทยา พร้อมเฉลย

Which drug is the antidote for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. ANaloxone
2. BAcetylcysteine
3. CVitamin K
4. DFlumazenil

Lithium is used mainly to treat which condition?

1. AGeneralised anxiety disorder
2. BAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder
3. CSchizophrenia with no mood symptoms
4. DBipolar disorder

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. ALower the white cell count in leukaemia
2. BStop bleeding from wounds
3. CIncrease the production of neutrophils
4. DIncrease the production of platelets

Why is IV promethazine given with great caution?

1. AIt causes a severe rise in blood pressure when it is given intravenously
2. BIt can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
3. CIt causes immediate kidney failure
4. DIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction

A patient must mix regular (soluble) insulin and NPH (isophane) insulin in one syringe. What is the correct order?

1. ADraw up the cloudy NPH insulin first, then the clear regular insulin
2. BDraw up the clear regular insulin first, then the cloudy NPH insulin
3. CDraw them up in separate syringes, then mix them in a cup
4. DShake both vials hard, then draw them up in any order

A nurse realises that a patient has been given the wrong dose of a medicine. What is the first action?

1. ACorrect the chart so it shows the right dose
2. BComplete the incident report before anything else
3. CAssess the patient for effects of the error
4. DWait to see whether the patient notices

A patient with severe chronic hyponatraemia receives hypertonic saline. Why is the rate of correction strictly limited?

1. ARaising sodium too fast can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
2. BFast correction causes immediate kidney failure
3. CRaising sodium too fast causes severe hypokalaemia and cardiac arrest
4. DHypertonic saline is toxic to the liver at high rates

A patient has a serum potassium of 7.0 mmol/L (mEq/L) and peaked T waves on the ECG. Which drug is given first to protect the heart?

1. AIntravenous calcium gluconate
2. BOral sodium polystyrene sulfonate
3. COral potassium chloride
4. DIntravenous furosemide