ใบงาน เภสัชวิทยา พร้อมเฉลย

Why is magnesium sulfate given to a woman with severe pre-eclampsia?

1. ATo prevent eclamptic seizures
2. BTo start labour contractions
3. CTo raise her blood pressure
4. DTo treat a urinary infection

What is a "high-alert medication"?

1. AA drug that causes more serious harm when used in error
2. BA drug that is expensive and must be kept in a locked cupboard
3. CA new drug during its first year on the market
4. DAny drug that is given by the intravenous or intramuscular route

Which signs are typical of hypoglycaemia?

1. AThirst, frequent urination and warm, dry, flushed skin
2. BFruity breath with deep, rapid breathing
3. CSweating, shakiness, a fast heart rate and confusion
4. DA slow pulse, constipation and weight gain

Which approach is usually recommended to prevent constipation in a patient on regular opioids?

1. AA stimulant laxative such as senna, often with a stool softener
2. BNo laxative until the patient has not opened the bowels for a week
3. CBulk-forming fibre alone, with fluid intake restricted
4. DAn antidiarrhoeal drug at night to slow the gut

โคลพิโดเกรลลดการเกาะกลุ่มของเกล็ดเลือดอย่างไร?

1. Aปิดกั้นตัวรับ P2Y12 ของเกล็ดเลือดสำหรับ ADP
2. Bยับยั้ง COX-1 ของเกล็ดเลือด
3. Cกระตุ้นแอนติทรอมบิน
4. Dปิดกั้นตัวรับไกลโคโปรตีน IIb/IIIa โดยตรง

A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the tablet in the patient's food
2. BLeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
3. CRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
4. DExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber

Two days after starting chemotherapy for a leukaemia with a high white cell count, a patient has reduced urine output. Which lab pattern suggests tumour lysis syndrome?

1. ALow potassium, low phosphate, low uric acid and high calcium
2. BNormal electrolytes with a high haemoglobin
3. CHigh potassium, high phosphate, high uric acid and low calcium
4. DHigh sodium, high glucose and low potassium

A patient with an epidural infusion of local anaesthetic becomes hypotensive. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AThe epidural catheter has caused heavy bleeding
2. BThe drug increases urine output and causes dehydration
3. CBlockade of sympathetic nerves causes vasodilation
4. DThe local anaesthetic causes a severe allergic reaction