ใบงาน เภสัชวิทยา พร้อมเฉลย

Which herbal product is commonly taken for sleep and can add to the effect of sedatives?

1. ACranberry
2. BPeppermint
3. CGinger
4. DValerian

Which vasopressor is usually first-line for septic shock that persists after fluids?

1. ANoradrenaline (norepinephrine)
2. BIsoprenaline (isoproterenol)
3. CAdenosine
4. DGlyceryl trinitrate

Which of these insulins is rapid-acting?

1. AInsulin glargine
2. BInsulin detemir
3. CNPH (isophane) insulin
4. DInsulin lispro

Why is hypovolaemia corrected with IV fluids before or while starting a vasopressor?

1. AVasopressors cause the patient to retain too much fluid
2. BVasopressors cannot keep perfusion up if the circulation is under-filled
3. CFluids stop the vasopressor causing a fever
4. DVasopressors only work when they are diluted in large fluid volumes

Which adverse effect of ciprofloxacin should a patient report at once?

1. AA slightly bitter or metallic taste for a while after each dose
2. BMild tiredness in the first few days
3. CPain or swelling in a tendon, such as the Achilles tendon
4. DDarker stools than usual

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which adverse effect should the patient report at once?

1. AAny new skin rash
2. BA brief change in taste
3. CMild headache on the first day
4. DSlight tiredness in the afternoon

Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?

1. AOral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
2. BIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection
3. CThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV
4. DOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin

A patient develops a dry cough on an ACE inhibitor and is switched to losartan. Why is losartan less likely to cause cough?

1. AIt is excreted faster by the kidney
2. BIt blocks histamine receptors in the airways
3. CIt does not block the breakdown of bradykinin
4. DIt also acts as a bronchodilator