ใบงาน เภสัชวิทยา พร้อมเฉลย

Montelukast, used in asthma, belongs to which drug class?

1. AInhaled corticosteroids
2. BLeukotriene receptor antagonists
3. CShort-acting beta-2 agonists
4. DAntimuscarinic bronchodilators

Disulfiram is used in alcohol use disorder because it:

1. AReplaces alcohol at its receptors in the brain
2. BCauses an unpleasant reaction if alcohol is drunk
3. CRemoves alcohol from the blood faster
4. DCures liver damage caused by alcohol

โปรตีนในพลาสมาชนิดใดจับยาที่เป็นกรดส่วนใหญ่ เช่น วาร์ฟาริน?

1. Aไฟบริโนเจน
2. Bฮีโมโกลบิน
3. Cอัลบูมิน
4. Dอินซูลิน

ยาขับปัสสาวะชนิดใดออกฤทธิ์ที่ส่วนขาขึ้นหนา (thick ascending limb) ของห่วงเฮนเล?

1. Aยาขับปัสสาวะกลุ่มลูป เช่น ฟูโรซีไมด์
2. Bยาขับปัสสาวะชนิดสงวนโพแทสเซียม
3. Cยาขับปัสสาวะกลุ่มไทอาไซด์
4. Dยาขับปัสสาวะชนิดออสโมติก

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets
2. BIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
3. CLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
4. DIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AOlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
2. BKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
3. CLower doses are cheaper for older patients
4. DOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer

A patient on methadone is also prescribed diazepam for anxiety. What is the main safety concern?

1. AAdditive sedation and respiratory depression
2. BMethadone causes diazepam to be excreted very quickly
3. CSevere hypertension from the combination
4. DDiazepam blocks the effect of methadone completely

A patient with Parkinson's disease has nausea. Why should metoclopramide be avoided?

1. AIt increases dopamine levels in the brain too much and causes psychosis
2. BIt causes severe diarrhoea in Parkinson's disease
3. CIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism
4. DIt inhibits the absorption of all oral drugs