NCLEX-PN tarzı alıştırma soruları (LPN/LVN): hızlı tekrar paketi

Using Maslow's hierarchy, which patient need should the nurse address first?

1. AA patient who is worried about how the wound will look
2. BA patient who feels lonely because no visitors have come
3. CA patient who wants advice on returning to work
4. DA patient who is short of breath after walking to the toilet

The intact skin over a patient's heel is deep purple and feels boggy. What should be suspected?

1. AA fungal skin infection
2. BA normal bruise from a minor knock
3. CA category 1 pressure ulcer that will heal by itself
4. DA suspected deep tissue injury

Which practice reduces back strain when a nurse moves a patient or heavy object?

1. AStand with the feet close together for balance
2. BHold the load at arm’s length to keep it steady
3. CBend at the waist and keep both knees straight
4. DKeep the load close to the body and avoid twisting

A responsive 6-month-old infant is choking and cannot cry or cough. What should the rescuer do?

1. ADo a blind finger sweep of the mouth
2. BTurn the infant upside down and shake gently
3. CGive abdominal thrusts as for an adult
4. DGive back blows and chest thrusts in turn

A patient is in skeletal traction. Which finding needs the nurse to act?

1. AThe patient’s body is in line with the traction
2. BThe weights are resting on the floor
3. CThe weights are hanging freely
4. DThe ropes are in the pulleys

Two days after starting haloperidol, a patient suddenly develops painful neck twisting and the eyes roll upwards. What should the nurse anticipate?

1. ANo action, because the spasm is a sign of improvement
2. BAn anticholinergic drug, such as benztropine or procyclidine, as prescribed
3. CA higher dose of haloperidol to calm the patient and stop the movements quickly
4. DPhysical restraint until the spasm passes

How should a nurse communicate with a patient who has impaired hearing?

1. AFace the patient, speak clearly and reduce background noise
2. BShout loudly from the end of the bed so they can hear
3. CTalk to the patient's relative instead of to the patient directly
4. DSpeak very quickly to save time

A patient with full mental capacity decides against a treatment that the team thinks is best. What does the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (England and Wales) say?

1. AThe team may override any decision that it disagrees with if it is serious
2. BThe patient must be assessed by a psychiatrist before refusing
3. CThe family may make the decision instead if they disagree with the patient's choice
4. DA person is not treated as lacking capacity just because they make an unwise decision

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
2. BThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample
3. CThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
4. DThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose

A patient with acute kidney injury after severe dehydration has a rising creatinine. Which urine findings support a prerenal cause rather than acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

1. ALow urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity
2. BWhite cell casts with positive nitrites on the dipstick
3. CHigh urine sodium and dilute urine with muddy brown granular casts
4. DRed cell casts with heavy protein loss in the urine

Why are patients taking simvastatin often advised to avoid large amounts of grapefruit juice?

1. AGrapefruit blocks cholesterol absorption and causes low cholesterol
2. BGrapefruit speeds up simvastatin breakdown in the liver, so the drug stops working
3. CGrapefruit makes the tablet dissolve in the mouth
4. DGrapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 in the gut, raising simvastatin levels and myopathy risk

A patient taking furosemide has a serum potassium of 2,9 mmol/L (mEq/L). Which ECG change is typical of this level?

1. AWidened QRS with a sine-wave pattern
2. BA short QT interval with high R waves
3. CFlattened T waves and prominent U waves
4. DTall, peaked T waves

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. AThe patient having eaten recently
2. BCold hands with poor peripheral circulation
3. CThe patient sitting upright in a chair
4. DA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute

Atriyal fibrilasyon nedeniyle varfarin kullanan bir hastanın INR'si 8,5'tir, ancak kanama yoktur. En olası yönetim nedir?

1. AOlağan dozu sürdürmek ve INR'yi bir ay sonra yeniden kontrol etmek
2. BVarfarini tutmak, hekimi bilgilendirmek ve INR'yi kısa süre içinde yeniden kontrol etmek
3. CProtrombin kompleks konsantresi ve kan transfüzyonu vermek
4. DGeri çevirmek için hemen IV protamin sülfat vermek

Bir inme hastası söylenenleri anlıyor ancak sözcük bulmakta zorlanıyor ve kısa, zorlu tümcelerle konuşuyor. Bu hangi tür afazidir?

1. AHiç anlamanın olmadığı global afazi
2. BZayıf yüz kaslarına bağlı dizartri
3. CEkspresif (Broca) afazi
4. DReseptif (Wernicke) afazi

A nurse teaches a patient with CKD and a high potassium about diet. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will keep bananas and dried fruit to a minimum."
2. B"I will use a salt substitute instead of ordinary salt."
3. C"I will boil my potatoes and throw away the water."
4. D"I will check food labels for added salt when I go shopping."

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. AHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
2. BEating a large high-fibre meal
3. CDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
4. DA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
2. BGive the next medicines through the tube as usual
3. CIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
4. DContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing

A woman has painful haemorrhoids after a vaginal birth. Which measure is appropriate?

1. AStraining hard to open the bowels
2. BAvoiding all fluids to prevent loose stools
3. CSitting on a hard surface for long periods
4. DSitz baths, cold pads and stool softeners

Which newborn finding should prompt checks for kidney and other anomalies?

1. AAcrocyanosis in the first hours
2. BA single umbilical artery
3. CMilia on the nose
4. DMild moulding of the head

A child weighs 20 kg. Which minimum urine output suggests adequate kidney perfusion?

1. AAbout 5 mL per hour
2. BAbout 20 mL per hour
3. CAny amount, as long as the child is drinking
4. DAbout 2 mL per hour

Which IV fluid is usually used for a fluid bolus in a child with shock?

1. AAn isotonic crystalloid such as 0,9% sodium chloride
2. B10% glucose solution
3. C5% glucose in water, given as fast as possible
4. D0,18% sodium chloride with 4% glucose, given quickly

A patient who has just been admitted says, "I don't want to talk to anyone." What is the best initial nursing approach?

1. AAsk a series of direct questions until he answers
2. BTell the patient that talking is required to be discharged
3. CSpend short, regular periods with the patient without forcing conversation
4. DLeave the patient alone until he asks to talk

Bulimia nervozalı bir hastanın serum potasyumu 2,8 mmol/L'dir. Başlıca endişe nedir?

1. AArtmış iştah
2. BKilo alma riski
3. CYaşamı tehdit eden kardiyak aritmi riski
4. DKas gücünde iyileşme

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hastanın vücut sıcaklığı 40,6 °C. °F = °C × 9/5 + 32 formülüyle T değerini Fahrenheit dereceye çevirin. Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hemoglobin sonucu 70 g/L. Bunu Hb g/dL cinsinden ifade edin.

Bir hasta 70 kg. Order edilen doz günde 10 mg/kg, 3 eşit dozda veriliyor. Doz başına kaç miligram D verilir?

Reçete 0,21 mg. Ampul mL başına 500 mikrogram içerir. Dozu 1 mL’lik şırıngaya çekin: hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

12 saatte 1000 mL istenmişti. 7 saat sonra torbada hâlâ 500 mL olduğunu görüyorsunuz ve istem yine zamanında bitmelidir. Pompa hangi hıza R (mL/h) yeniden ayarlanmalıdır?

Bir torba 500 mL içinde 1 g ilaç içeriyor. İstem dakikada 2 mg. Pompayı hangi hıza R (mL/h) ayarlarsınız?

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kayıt, bir hastanın 12 saatlik bir vardiyadaki aldığı ve çıkardığını gösteriyor. Hasta 81 kg. Ortalama idrar çıkışı U değerini mL/kg/h cinsinden bulun. İki ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). 1000 mL’lik bir infüzyon saat 09:00’de 100 mL/h hızla başlıyor. 2 saat sonra hız 60 mL/h’ye değiştiriliyor ve bir daha değiştirilmiyor. Başlangıçtan kaç saat t sonra torba boşalır? Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir alıştırma hastası Morse düşme skalasıyla değerlendiriliyor: son 3 ayda düşme öyküsü: evet; ikincil tanı: hayır; yürüme yardımcısı: yok, yatak istirahati ya da hemşire yardımı; IV tedavi ya da salin kilidi: evet; yürüyüş: zayıf; mental durum: sınırlarını olduğundan fazla görüyor ya da unutuyor. Morse toplamını MFS bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bu gözlemler için NEWS2 çizelgesini (SpO₂ skala 1) kullanın: solunum sayısı 16/dk, SpO₂ %95 oda havasında, kan basıncı 110/66 mmHg, nabız 76/dk, yalnızca ağrıya yanıt veriyor, vücut sıcaklığı 36,9 °C. Hasta hangi klinik risk grubuna girer? Tıklayın.

1. 1düşük
2. 2düşük–orta
3. 3orta
4. 4yüksek