NCLEX-PN tarzı alıştırma soruları (LPN/LVN): hızlı tekrar paketi

A patient has pneumonia in the right lung only. In which side-lying position is oxygenation usually best?

1. ALying on the right side
2. BLying on the left side
3. CLying face down
4. DLying flat on the back

A patient with dementia keeps getting out of bed at night. What is the best first nursing approach?

1. ARaise the bed rails and leave the patient alone
2. BLook for an unmet need such as toileting, pain, hunger or thirst
3. CAsk the doctor to prescribe a sedative so the patient sleeps through the night
4. DTie a sheet across the bed to keep the patient in

A nurse has just given an intramuscular injection with a safety needle. What should the nurse do next with the needle?

1. AActivate the safety device and drop it into a sharps container at once
2. BLay it on the medication tray and discard it later
3. CRecap it carefully with both hands and dispose of it after the drug round
4. DBend the needle to make it unusable, then discard it

A patient with depression has suddenly become calm and is giving away personal possessions. What does this suggest?

1. AThat the depression has resolved and observation can be reduced
2. BA possibly increased suicide risk that needs immediate assessment
3. CThat the patient wants to make new friends on the unit
4. DThat the patient is now ready for discharge today

A drowsy patient has an arterial blood gas with pH 7,30, PaCO₂ 58 mmHg (7,7 kPa) and HCO₃⁻ 25 mEq/L (mmol/L). Which problem is the priority?

1. APoor ventilation causing carbon dioxide to build up
2. BLoss of bicarbonate from the bowel through severe diarrhea
3. CToo much bicarbonate from antacids
4. DHyperventilation caused by anxiety

After a vaginal birth, the uterus is firm and central, but bright red blood keeps trickling steadily. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA tear in the birth canal or cervix
2. BNormal lochia for the first hour
3. CA full bladder pushing the uterus aside
4. DUterine atony that needs more massage

A spontaneously breathing patient is critically ill and hypoxic. Which oxygen delivery gives the highest concentration?

1. ANon-rebreathe mask with reservoir bag at 15 L/min
2. BSimple face mask at 5 L/min with the patient sitting up
3. CVenturi mask set to 24%
4. DNasal cannula at 2 L/min

A patient with suspected appendicitis says the pain suddenly eased, but an hour later has pain all over the abdomen, a rigid abdomen and a fever. What is most likely?

1. AThe appendix has perforated, causing peritonitis
2. BThe appendicitis has resolved without treatment
3. CThe analgesia has started working
4. DThe patient has developed gastroenteritis

Şüpheli sepsisi olan bir hastada kan kültürleri ne zaman alınmalıdır?

1. Aİlk antibiyotik dozundan önce, onu çok geciktirmeden
2. BAntibiyotikler sonucu etkilemediği için herhangi bir zamanda
3. CYalnızca ateş üç günden uzun sürerse
4. DAntibiyotiklerin ilk üç dozundan sonra

IV magnezyum sülfat infüzyonu sırasında toksisiteyi erken saptamak için hangi değerlendirme en iyisidir?

1. AHer saat kan glikozu ve pupil boyutu
2. BBağırsak sesleri ve karın çevresi
3. CHer saat cilt rengi ve kapiller dolum
4. DDiz refleksleri, solunum hızı ve idrar çıkışı

Which lab tests are monitored in a patient taking carbamazepine?

1. AFull blood count and serum sodium
2. BThyroid antibodies and cortisol
3. CSerum amylase and lipase
4. DINR and aPTT

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
2. BVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
3. CHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin
4. DNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week

Which position is usually best for the legs of a patient with chronic venous insufficiency and ankle swelling?

1. AHanging down over the side of the bed
2. BRaised above the level of the heart when resting
3. CCrossed at the knees while sitting
4. DKept still in a standing position for long periods

A patient with life-threatening asthma has not responded to repeated nebulised salbutamol (albuterol), ipratropium and steroids. Which drug is commonly given intravenously next?

1. AMagnesium sulfate
2. BMorphine
3. CIntravenous furosemide
4. DMetoprolol

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
2. BHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down
3. CHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
4. DThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage

A patient with SIADH is taught about a fluid restriction. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will count all drinks, including soup, in my daily total."
2. B"I will weigh myself every morning."
3. C"If I feel thirsty, I can drink as much water as I like."
4. D"I will report any headaches or confusion."

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AThe staples are left in permanently under the skin
2. BAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds
3. COnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good
4. DAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin

Vinkristin için hangi güvenlik kuralı geçerlidir?

1. AKüçük bir vene hızlı IV itme olarak verilmesi en iyisidir
2. BGenellikle diğer spinal ilaçlarla birlikte intratekal verilir
3. CHekimin tercih ettiği herhangi bir yoldan verilebilir
4. DAsla intratekal verilmez; yalnızca IV kullanım için minitorba içinde sağlanır

A woman 1 day after birth has a blood pressure of 150/96 mmHg and a headache. She had normal blood pressures in pregnancy. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure her that this is normal after birth
2. BReport it and assess for postpartum pre-eclampsia
3. CGive paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ignore the blood pressure
4. DEncourage her to walk to lower her blood pressure

A breastfeeding mother has a hard, tender lump in one breast without fever. She feels well. What is the most likely cause and the best advice?

1. ABreast cancer; stop breastfeeding at once
2. BA blocked duct; keep feeding and vary positions
3. CMastitis; stop feeding from that breast
4. DA breast abscess; stop breastfeeding completely

Why are IV fluids for young children given with an infusion pump or a volume-control set?

1. ATo remove bacteria from the fluid
2. BTo prevent accidental fluid overload
3. CTo allow the child to adjust the rate
4. DTo make the fluid warmer before it enters the vein

Which complication is a leading cause of death from measles in children?

1. AConjunctivitis
2. BOtitis media
3. CPneumonia
4. DDiarrhoea

A woman calls the emergency department after a sexual assault an hour ago. What advice helps to preserve forensic evidence?

1. APut all clothing in a sealed plastic bag
2. BAvoid showering or changing clothes, and bring any clothing already removed in a paper bag
3. CShower and wash her clothes before coming in, so she feels cleaner
4. DWait a few days at home until she feels ready to talk before seeking any medical care or forensic examination

A patient asks, "Do you think I should divorce my husband?" Which response best supports the patient's autonomy?

1. A"You should ask your doctor what to do about it."
2. B"No, divorce would only make things worse for you."
3. C"Yes, I think you'd be happier without him."
4. D"What are your thoughts about the options you have?"

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir damla hızı hesaplaması 45,234 gtt/dk veriyor. Bu alıştırmadaki kural şudur: damla hızları en yakın tam damlaya yuvarlanır. Hangi değeri x kaydedersiniz?

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hemoglobin sonucu 12,7 g/dL. Bunu Hb g/L cinsinden ifade edin.

%1 (w/v) bir çözeltinin 50 mL’sinde kaç miligram ilaç m vardır?

Bir hasta 180 cm boyunda ve 92 kg ağırlığında. İstem 50 mg/m². Mosteller formülü VYA = √(boy (cm) × kilo (kg)/3600) ile dozu D mg cinsinden bulun.

15 damla/mL'lik bir setle 250 mL'yi 4 saatte verin. Damla hızı R'ü dakikada damla olarak bulun. En yakın tam sayıya yuvarlayın.

200 mg ilaç 100 mL içinde seyreltiliyor ve 20 gtt/mL’lik bir setle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. İstem saatte 120 mg. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kayıt, bir hastanın 8 saatlik bir vardiyadaki aldığı ve çıkardığını gösteriyor. Hasta 72 kg. Ortalama idrar çıkışı U değerini mL/kg/h cinsinden bulun. İki ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). 500 mL’lik bir infüzyon saat 18:00’de 75 mL/h hızla başlıyor. 2 saat sonra hız 150 mL/h’ye değiştiriliyor ve bir daha değiştirilmiyor. Başlangıçtan kaç saat t sonra torba boşalır? Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir alıştırma hastası Braden skalasıyla değerlendiriliyor: duyusal algı: hafif kısıtlı; nemlilik: çok nemli; aktivite: koltuğa bağımlı; hareketlilik: hafif kısıtlı; beslenme: çok yetersiz; sürtünme ve makaslama: sorun var. Braden toplamını B bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir alıştırma hastası Morse düşme skalasıyla değerlendiriliyor: son 3 ayda düşme öyküsü: hayır; ikincil tanı: hayır; yürüme yardımcısı: yok, yatak istirahati ya da hemşire yardımı; IV tedavi ya da salin kilidi: hayır; yürüyüş: zayıf; mental durum: kendi sınırlarını biliyor. 0–24 düşük, 25–44 orta ve 45 ve üzeri yüksek kesme değerlerini kullanarak düşme riski düzeyine tıklayın.

1. 1düşük risk
2. 2orta risk
3. 3yüksek risk