NCLEX-PN tarzı alıştırma soruları (LPN/LVN): hızlı tekrar paketi

How should adhesive tape be removed from an older patient's fragile skin?

1. ABy pulling it away from the wound as hard as possible
2. BQuickly in one firm pull, straight upwards and away from the skin
3. CAfter wetting it with alcohol rub
4. DSlowly, low and close to the skin, while supporting the skin

A patient with capacity tells the nurse they do not want the operation their family keeps pushing for. What is the nurse's best action?

1. ASay nothing to avoid a conflict with the family
2. BLet the family decide, as they know the patient best
3. CTell the patient to follow the family's advice
4. DSupport the patient to tell the team their wishes

A nurse pours sterile saline into a bowl on a sterile field. Which technique is correct?

1. APour from below the level of the field to reduce splashing
2. BHold the bottle with the label in the palm and pour without touching the bowl
3. CRest the lip of the bottle on the edge of the bowl so that the saline does not splash
4. DReach across the field to fill the bowl at the far side

A competent adult patient with pneumonia wants to leave the hospital against medical advice. What should the nurse do?

1. AHide the patient’s clothes and belongings so that they cannot leave the ward
2. BApply wrist restraints until the provider arrives to speak with the patient
3. CLock the doors so the patient cannot leave
4. DExplain the risks, notify the provider and follow the policy for leaving against advice

Two nursing assistants argue loudly at the station about their assignments. What is the charge nurse’s best first step?

1. AMeet both of them privately to hear each side
2. BReport them to human resources at once
3. CChange both of their assignments without any discussion
4. DIgnore it and hope they sort it out

A chemical cleaning fluid splashes into a patient’s eye. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACover the eye with a dry patch and wait for the provider
2. BGive antibiotic eye drops first
3. CFlush the eye with plenty of water or saline straight away
4. DRub the eye gently with a clean tissue to remove the chemical

A patient has a continuous stream of bubbles in the water seal chamber of their chest drain. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AThe drain is working normally for a fluid collection only
2. BThe lung has fully re-expanded
3. CThe drain is blocked
4. DAn air leak, from the lung or from the drainage system

A healthcare assistant reports four observations. Which one needs the nurse's immediate action?

1. A"Mrs Jones would like a cup of tea and her glasses cleaned."
2. B"Mr Chen's blood pressure is 128/80 as usual."
3. C"Mr Patel's breathing rate is 8 a minute and he's hard to wake."
4. D"Ms Ali has walked to the bathroom on her own."

A patient taking spironolactone asks about using a salt substitute. What should the nurse explain?

1. ASalt substitutes are fine as long as the patient drinks more water
2. BSalt substitutes protect against the potassium loss caused by this drug
3. CMost salt substitutes contain potassium and can raise the level too high
4. DSalt substitutes are safe because they contain only sodium chloride

An 82-year-old woman without a catheter has a urine culture growing bacteria, but no fever, urinary symptoms or change in mental state. What is the best interpretation?

1. APyelonephritis, which needs admission and IV fluids today
2. BA urinary tract infection that needs urgent IV antibiotics
3. CContamination, so the culture must be repeated every week
4. DAsymptomatic bacteriuria, usually not treated with antibiotics

Empagliflozin gibi SGLT2 inhibitörleri kan şekerini nasıl düşürür?

1. Aİdrarla glukoz kaybını artırırlar
2. BKaraciğerin daha fazla glikojen depolamasını sağlarlar
3. CMidenin boşalmasını yavaşlatırlar
4. DBeta hücrelerinden insülin salınımını uyarırlar

A woman with epilepsy who takes an antiepileptic drug plans to become pregnant. Which advice is standard?

1. ATake folic acid before conception and seek specialist review of her medication
2. BNo change is needed, as antiepileptics carry no risk in pregnancy
3. CStop all antiepileptic drugs straight away as soon as she stops contraception
4. DAvoid folic acid because it lowers drug levels

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
2. BIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
3. CIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
4. DIt turns the statin into a blood thinner

Bisoprolol ve diltiazem kullanan bir hastada baş dönmesi, kalp hızı 38/dk ve KB 82/50 mmHg'dir. En uygun ilk yanıt nedir?

1. AGözlemleri kaydedip dört saat sonra yeniden kontrol etmek
2. BAcil yardım çağırmak, ABCDE değerlendirmesi yapmak ve kalp monitörü bağlamak
3. CKalp hızını yükseltmek için hastayı serviste yürütmek
4. DKalp hızı sabit kalsın diye her iki ilacın sonraki dozlarını erken vermek

The day after a thyroidectomy, a patient reports tingling around the mouth and in the fingers. Why might this happen?

1. AThe parathyroid glands may have been damaged, lowering calcium
2. BThe anaesthetic has caused an allergic reaction
3. CThe thyroid hormone level has risen too high after surgery
4. DThe patient is breathing too slowly after the operation

A prescription reads "Insulin 10U". Why is this a safety problem?

1. A"U" means the insulin must be given intravenously
2. BInsulin doses must always be written in millilitres
3. CThere is no problem as long as the nurse can read it
4. D"U" can be misread as a zero, giving a tenfold dose

Which pain pattern classically suggests a duodenal rather than a gastric ulcer?

1. APain in the right lower abdomen with fever and vomiting
2. BPain straight after eating that is worsened by food
3. CPain only on deep breathing that eases when sitting forwards
4. DPain 2–3 hours after meals and at night, eased by eating

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."
2. B"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."
3. C"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."
4. D"I'll change the injection site each day."

A newborn has flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. ABruising that suggests birth trauma or abuse
2. BA port-wine stain that will need laser treatment
3. CA sign of a serious blood clotting disorder
4. DHarmless dermal melanocytosis, to be documented

A woman with gestational diabetes on insulin asks about her baby after birth. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?

1. AThe baby must not be breastfed in the first week
2. BThe baby will be born with diabetes
3. CThe baby will need insulin for the first days
4. DThe baby's glucose will be checked for hypoglycaemia

Which activity best supports a 9-year-old during a long hospital stay?

1. AWatching television alone for most of the day
2. BSchoolwork and contact with classmates, plus games or hobbies
3. CPlaying with baby toys in the toddler playroom with younger children
4. DStaying in bed with no visitors to rest

An 8-year-old tells the nurse that her uncle touches her in a way she does not like and asks the nurse to keep it secret. What is the best response?

1. AAsk detailed, leading questions to find out exactly what happened
2. BPhone the uncle straight away to ask for his side of the story before reporting anything
3. CPromise to keep the secret, so that she keeps trusting the nurse and tells more later
4. DListen calmly, praise her for telling, explain it must be shared, and follow safeguarding

A patient at risk of suicide is admitted. Which environmental check is most important?

1. APlace the patient in a room at the end of the corridor for privacy
2. BRemove items that could be used for self-harm, such as belts, cords and sharp objects
3. CLet the patient keep all his personal belongings, including his belt and phone charger, to help him feel at home
4. DMake sure the patient has a television in the room

On the day after hip surgery, a 58-year-old patient has a new tremor, sweating, anxiety and a fast pulse. He did not report any alcohol use on admission. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait until the next day to see if the symptoms go away on their own once his pain is better controlled
2. BTell him that his symptoms are normal after hip surgery
3. CAssume he has post-operative pain and give extra analgesia only
4. DAsk him and his family about his alcohol use and the time of his last drink, and report the findings

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hasta 6 ft 11 in boyunda. 1 ft = 12 in ve 1 in = 2,54 cm kullanarak h değerini santimetre cinsinden, en yakın tam santimetreye yuvarlayarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir infüzyon 21:20 saatinde başlıyor ve ertesi sabah 07:40 saatinde bitiyor (24 saatlik saat). t kaç dakika sürdü?

24 kg ağırlığındaki bir çocuğa 2,5 mg/kg ilaç reçete edilmiştir. Stok çözelti 20 mg/mL içerir. Dozu çekin: hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

Bir hasta 139 cm boyunda ve 45 kg ağırlığında. İstem 135 mg/m². Mosteller formülü VYA = √(boy (cm) × kilo (kg)/3600) ile dozu D mg cinsinden bulun.

Bir damla infüzyonu 20 gtt/mL’lik bir setle 30 gtt/min hızla akıyor. Hasta 6 saatte kaç mililitre V alır?

250 mg ilaç 250 mL içinde seyreltiliyor ve 20 gtt/mL’lik bir setle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. İstem saatte 30 mg. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kayıt, bir hastanın 12 saatlik bir vardiyadaki aldığı ve çıkardığını gösteriyor. IV infüzyon vardiya boyunca gösterilen hızla gitti. Sıvı dengesi B = alınan − çıkarılan değerini mL cinsinden bulun (negatif cevap net kayıp demektir).

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). 500 mL’lik bir torba pompayla 50 mL/h hızla gidiyor. Saat 06:30’de 200 mL zaten verilmiş. Torba kaç saat t sonra boşalır? Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kafa travması geçirmiş bir alıştırma hastası kendisine seslenildiğinde gözlerini açıyor, cümlelerle konuşuyor ama konfüze ve en iyi motor yanıt olarak şunu gösteriyor: emirlere uyuyor. GCS’yi hesaplayın ve kafa travmasını ona göre sınıflandırın. Cevabınıza tıklayın.

1. 1hafif
2. 2orta
3. 3ağır

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bu gözlemler için NEWS2 çizelgesini (SpO₂ skala 1) kullanın: solunum sayısı 16/dk, SpO₂ %98 oda havasında, kan basıncı 90/54 mmHg, nabız 64/dk, uyanık, vücut sıcaklığı 37,2 °C. Hasta hangi klinik risk grubuna girer? Tıklayın.

1. 1düşük
2. 2düşük–orta
3. 3orta
4. 4yüksek