NCLEX-PN tarzı alıştırma soruları (LPN/LVN): hızlı tekrar paketi

A patient you are walking with starts to fall. What should you do?

1. AEase them gently to the floor while protecting their head
2. BLet go quickly and call for help
3. CGrab them under the armpits and lift them
4. DTry to hold them upright with your arms around their chest

Ameliyattan iki gün sonra yaşlı bir hasta gece aniden konfüze ve ajite oluyor. Öncelik nedir?

1. ASedatif verip sabah yeniden kontrol etmek
2. BHastayı yatağa bağlamak
3. CEnfeksiyon, ağrı, retansiyon, kabızlık veya ilaç gibi altta yatan nedenleri aramak ve tedavi etmek
4. DYeni başlayan demans olduğunu varsayıp bakımevine nakil planlamak

A patient has a weak left leg. Which instruction about using a cane is correct?

1. AKeep the cane well out to the side, away from the body
2. BHold the cane in the left hand, on the weaker side
3. CMove the cane and the right leg forward together
4. DHold the cane in the right hand, on the stronger side

A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised eosinophil count. Which cause is most consistent with this finding?

1. AAn acute bacterial infection
2. BA viral infection such as a cold
3. CBone marrow suppression from chemotherapy
4. DAn allergic reaction or a parasitic infection

A patient has a tonic-clonic seizure in bed. What should the nurse do first?

1. APlace a tongue depressor between the teeth
2. BHold the arms and legs down firmly to stop the jerking movements quickly
3. CProtect the head and turn the patient on their side when possible
4. DGive a drink of water to help the patient wake

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a used needle. What should the nurse do first?

1. AWash the area with soap and water
2. BFinish the shift and report it tomorrow
3. CScrub the area with bleach
4. DSqueeze the wound hard and suck it

A nurse finds a patient lying on the floor beside the bed. What should be done first?

1. APhone the patient's family
2. BLift the patient straight back into bed so they are comfortable
3. CComplete the incident report form
4. DCheck the patient for injuries before moving them

A patient rescued from a house fire has soot around the mouth, singed nasal hairs and a hoarse voice. What is the main concern?

1. AA minor throat infection
2. BHypothermia from the fire service water
3. CAirway swelling from inhalation injury
4. DDehydration from sweating

A patient without symptoms has a fasting plasma glucose of 132 mg/dL (7,3 mmol/L) on Monday and 138 mg/dL (7,7 mmol/L) on Thursday. What does this show?

1. AThe results meet the criteria for diabetes
2. BThe results are within the normal fasting range
3. CThe results show prediabetes only
4. DThe results show reactive hypoglycemia

A patient has eaten very little for 2 weeks and has received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The INR is now 2,3 without warfarin, and the platelets are normal. What is the most likely cause?

1. AVitamin K deficiency
2. BImmune thrombocytopenia
3. CIron-deficiency anemia
4. DHemophilia A

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. ALower doses are cheaper for older patients
2. BKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
3. COlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
4. DOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer

Why should a dose never be written as "5,0 mg" on a medication order?

1. AThe decimal point may be missed, and the dose read as 50 mg
2. BIt is too precise for most drugs
3. CThe pharmacy cannot supply doses that contain a decimal point
4. DIt means the dose must be given five times

Kalp yetmezliği olan bir hasta ACE inhibitörüne ek olarak spironolakton başlıyor. Hangi kan sonucu yakından izlenmelidir?

1. AGlukoz, çünkü her iki ilaç da hipoglisemiye yol açabilir
2. BPotasyum, çünkü her iki ilaç da onu yükseltebilir
3. CHemoglobin, çünkü her iki ilaç da kanamaya yol açabilir
4. DKalsiyum, çünkü her iki ilaç da onu düşürebilir

A patient receiving noradrenaline (norepinephrine) through a peripheral cannula has pale, cold skin around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AMassage the area firmly to spread the drug out into the surrounding tissue
2. BStop it at that site, inform the team and follow the extravasation policy
3. CContinue the infusion, as this is expected
4. DIncrease the rate so the drug enters the vein faster and leaks less

How do DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin work?

1. AThey replace insulin that the pancreas cannot make
2. BThey prolong the action of gut incretin hormones
3. CThey stop the gut from absorbing fat
4. DThey block glucose reabsorption in the kidney

A patient with diabetic neuropathy has a hot, red, swollen foot that is barely painful. The skin is intact, and there is no fever. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA sprained ankle that will settle with walking
2. BGout, which only needs pain relief
3. CNormal swelling from standing too long
4. DAn acute Charcot foot, needing urgent offloading

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. AA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
2. BHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
3. CEating a large high-fibre meal
4. DDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube

A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BSimple dry skin
3. CA healing category 1 ulcer
4. DOsteomyelitis

A woman whose first language is not English is in labour. Which action best ensures informed consent for a caesarean?

1. AAsk her partner to sign for her
2. BUse a professional interpreter
3. CAsk her 10-year-old child to interpret
4. DUse gestures and simple English only

A healthy newborn is jittery. Which finding helps tell jitteriness from a seizure?

1. ASeizures stop when the limb is held
2. BJitteriness comes with eye deviation and apnoea
3. CJitteriness stops when the limb is gently held
4. DSeizures are always triggered by loud sounds

A newborn has a cephalohaematoma. What should the nurse monitor closely over the next days?

1. AUrine colour, because the swelling causes kidney damage
2. BBlood pressure, because the swelling causes hypertension
3. CJaundice, because the breakdown of the trapped blood adds to bilirubin
4. DHead circumference twice daily, because it signals hydrocephalus

A boy with haemophilia A bumps his head hard on a table. He seems well. What should the nurse advise?

1. ANo action is needed, because head bleeds are rare in haemophilia
2. BGive aspirin for the pain and apply ice to the bump
3. CWatch him at home for a week and bring him in only if he vomits or has a headache
4. DSeek urgent care, as factor replacement may be needed before symptoms appear

A patient taking valproate is starting lamotrigine. Why must lamotrigine be increased especially slowly?

1. AThe two drugs together cause severe hair growth
2. BValproate raises lamotrigine levels, which increases the risk of a serious rash
3. CValproate makes lamotrigine work faster, so the dose must be increased quickly
4. DLamotrigine will lower the valproate level until it has no effect

A patient tells the nurse, "You're the only one I can talk to. You're much better than the other nurses." What is the most appropriate response?

1. A"I'm glad our talks help. All the staff here are working with you, and it's important that you can talk to them too."
2. B"Thank you. I'll make sure I'm always the one assigned to you from now on."
3. C"You shouldn't compare nurses. That's not fair to them, and it's rude."
4. D"The other nurses are not as experienced as I am, so it makes sense that you prefer talking to me."

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir damla hızı hesaplaması 171,436 gtt/dk veriyor. Bu alıştırmadaki kural şudur: damla hızları en yakın tam damlaya yuvarlanır. Hangi değeri x kaydedersiniz?

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir infüzyon 17:50 saatinde başlıyor ve ertesi sabah 06:05 saatinde bitiyor (24 saatlik saat). t kaç dakika sürdü?

32 kg ağırlığındaki bir çocuğa 7,5 mg/kg ilaç reçete edilmiştir. Stok çözelti 40 mg/mL içerir. Dozu çekin: hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

Reçete 380 ünitedir; ilaç 1000 ünite/mL olarak gelir. Dozu 1 mL’lik şırıngaya çekin: hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

Bir infüzyon 75 mL/h olarak istenmiş, ancak pompa yok. 20 gtt/mL’lik bir infüzyon setiyle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

1000 mg ilaç 500 mL içinde seyreltiliyor ve 60 gtt/mL’lik bir setle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. İstem saatte 60 mg. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kayıt, bir hastanın 8 saatlik bir vardiyadaki aldığı ve çıkardığını gösteriyor. Hasta 76 kg. Ortalama idrar çıkışı U değerini mL/kg/h cinsinden bulun. İki ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). 1000 mL’lik bir infüzyon saat 09:00’de 100 mL/h hızla başlıyor. 3 saat sonra hız 75 mL/h’ye değiştiriliyor ve bir daha değiştirilmiyor. Başlangıçtan kaç saat t sonra torba boşalır? Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hastanın nabzı 98/dk ve kan basıncı 115/63 mmHg. Şok indeksini SI = KH/SKB ile bulun. İki ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bu gözlemler için NEWS2 çizelgesini (SpO₂ skala 1) kullanın: solunum sayısı 18/dk, SpO₂ %98 oda havasında, kan basıncı 142/86 mmHg, nabız 76/dk, uyanık, vücut sıcaklığı 37,0 °C. Hasta hangi klinik risk grubuna girer? Tıklayın.

1. 1düşük
2. 2düşük–orta
3. 3orta
4. 4yüksek