NCLEX-PN tarzı alıştırma soruları (LPN/LVN): hızlı tekrar paketi

Why do nurses often count the respiratory rate while still appearing to take the pulse?

1. AIt is not allowed to tell patients that breathing is measured
2. BThe pulse and breathing rates are always the same number
3. CPatients who know their breathing is watched tend to change it
4. DCounting breaths is only accurate when the wrist is held

A patient reports pain of 8/10 but is chatting calmly and has normal vital signs. What should the nurse do?

1. AWithhold analgesia until the vital signs change
2. BTell the patient they cannot be in that much pain
3. CRecord a lower score because the patient looks comfortable and calm
4. DAccept the report, assess further and offer analgesia

Before a defibrillator shock is delivered, what must the person operating it do?

1. AHold the patient’s hand to keep them still
2. BAsk a colleague to hold the paddles in place
3. CCall “all clear” and check that nobody is touching the patient or bed
4. DKeep the oxygen mask on the patient’s face, held against the chest

A nurse teaches a patient who has had a splenectomy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“Now that my spleen is out, a fever is nothing to worry about.”
2. B“I will tell all of my health care providers that I have no spleen.”
3. C“I will get medical help quickly if I get a high temperature.”
4. D“I will keep my vaccinations up to date.”

A nurse has given rapid-acting insulin, and then learns that the patient’s meal tray will be 45 minutes late. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive a second, smaller dose of insulin when the meal tray finally arrives
2. BAsk the patient to walk around the ward until the food arrives
3. CGet the patient some carbohydrate food now and check the glucose
4. DTell the patient to wait and do nothing until the tray comes

After a head injury, a patient passes large amounts of very dilute urine, is thirsty and has a rising serum sodium. Which condition is most likely?

1. ADiabetic ketoacidosis
2. BAcute kidney injury with oliguria
3. CDiabetes insipidus
4. DSIADH

An arterial blood gas shows a low pH, a high PaCO₂ and a normal bicarbonate. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic acidosis
2. BRespiratory acidosis
3. CRespiratory alkalosis
4. DMetabolic alkalosis

Why can pulse oximetry be misleading in carbon monoxide poisoning?

1. AStandard oximeters cannot tell carboxyhaemoglobin from oxyhaemoglobin
2. BThe oximeter overheats in smoke-exposed patients
3. CCarbon monoxide only affects the heart rate reading
4. DCarbon monoxide makes the oximeter read zero even in a well patient

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13,0 to 11,4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AIncreased red cell production
2. BA laboratory error in the first sample
3. CA sudden failure of the bone marrow
4. DDilution of the blood by the IV fluid

A patient receiving chemotherapy has a white cell count of 1,8 × 10³/µL with 20% neutrophils and 5% bands. What is the absolute neutrophil count (ANC)?

1. A1,800/µL
2. B450/µL
3. C360/µL
4. D4,500/µL

Which description fits tardive dyskinesia?

1. AA sudden painful spasm of the neck muscles and upward rolling of the eyes within days of the first dose
2. BHigh fever with lead-pipe rigidity and confusion
3. CA low white cell count with sore throat and fever
4. DInvoluntary movements of the lips, tongue and face after long-term antipsychotic use

A patient with severe liver cirrhosis needs a benzodiazepine for alcohol withdrawal. Why is lorazepam often chosen instead of diazepam?

1. ALorazepam is a stronger anticonvulsant than all other benzodiazepines
2. BLorazepam is excreted unchanged in the urine without any metabolism
3. CLorazepam does not cause sedation in liver disease
4. DLorazepam is cleared by simple conjugation and has no active metabolites

Why is a shock for cardioversion synchronised with the QRS complex?

1. ATo make the shock less painful for the patient
2. BTo allow the use of a lower battery charge
3. CTo keep the pads from burning the skin
4. DTo avoid delivering the shock during the T wave

A patient with both COPD and heart disease is more breathless, with bilateral basal crackles, raised JVP, ankle swelling and a markedly raised NT-proBNP. Which problem is most likely driving this episode?

1. ADecompensated heart failure
2. BHyperventilation from anxiety
3. CAn asthma attack
4. DA primary spontaneous pneumothorax

Which picture fits anterior cord syndrome?

1. AArms much weaker than legs after a neck injury
2. BLoss of movement and pain sense, with position sense kept
3. CNormal movement but complete loss of position sense
4. DWeakness on one side and loss of pain sensation on the other side

İnme şüphesi olan bir hasta başlangıçtan iki saat sonra geliyor. Kapiller glukoz 2,4 mmol/L'dir (43 mg/dL). Sonra ne yapılmalıdır?

1. ABeyin hücrelerini korumak için IV insülin vermek
2. BBaşka kontrol yapmadan hemen trombolizis vermek
3. CDüşük glukozu tedavi etmek ve nörolojik bulguları yeniden değerlendirmek
4. Dİnme değerlendirmesiyle ilgili olmadığı için glukozu görmezden gelmek

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used
2. BThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
3. CThe surgeon is paid per minute of use
4. DLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage

A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA healing category 1 ulcer
2. BSimple dry skin
3. CVenous insufficiency
4. DOsteomyelitis

Why is congenital hypothyroidism included in newborn screening?

1. AEarly treatment prevents brain damage
2. BIt causes hip dysplasia
3. CIt causes jaundice that cannot be treated
4. DIt can only be treated before birth

Fluid leaking from the vagina is tested. Which result supports rupture of the membranes?

1. AA nitrazine test that turns yellow, showing acidic fluid
2. BFluid that contains glucose on a urine dipstick
3. CA ferning pattern on a dried slide under the microscope
4. DFluid that smells of ammonia

Hangi çocuğa KKK gibi canlı bir aşı genellikle yapılmamalıdır?

1. AKomplike olmayan bir kulak enfeksiyonu için şu anda oral antibiyotik alan bir çocuğa
2. BKemoterapi sırasında olduğu gibi ağır bağışıklık baskılanması olan bir çocuğa
3. CHafif nezlesi olan bir çocuğa
4. DKardeşi nezle olan bir çocuğa

A 2-week-old suddenly starts vomiting bright green fluid. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdvise smaller, more frequent feeds and review the baby in a week
2. BChange to a lactose-free formula
3. CTreat it as a surgical emergency and get urgent medical review
4. DReassure the parents that this is normal reflux

İdame tedavisinde terapötik aralık olarak yaygın biçimde hangi serum lityum aralığı belirtilir?

1. AYaklaşık 2,0–3,0 mmol/L (akut manide daha yüksek düzeyler gerekir)
2. BYaklaşık 0,6–1,2 mmol/L (hedef aralıklar kılavuzlara göre değişir)
3. CYaklaşık 0,01–0,05 mmol/L
4. DYaklaşık 3,5–5,0 mmol/L

A 76-year-old with no history of mental illness suddenly develops paranoid ideas and hallucinations. What is the most appropriate first step?

1. ADiagnose late-onset schizophrenia and start an antipsychotic immediately
2. BAssume it is normal ageing and take no action
3. CLook for medical causes, such as delirium, medicines, infection or a neurocognitive disorder
4. DAdmit him to a secure psychiatric ward straight away, without any physical examination or blood tests

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hasta 6 ft 7 in boyunda. 1 ft = 12 in ve 1 in = 2,54 cm kullanarak h değerini santimetre cinsinden, en yakın tam santimetreye yuvarlayarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir hemoglobin sonucu 162 g/L. Bunu Hb g/dL cinsinden ifade edin.

40 kg ağırlığındaki bir çocuğa 3 mg/kg ilaç reçete edilmiştir. Stok çözelti 40 mg/mL içerir. Dozu çekin: hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

20 kg ağırlığındaki bir çocuğa, 5 mL’de 250 mg içeren oral süspansiyondan doz başına 20 mg/kg istenmiştir. Hangi hacmi V verirsiniz?

Bir infüzyon 200 mL/h olarak istenmiş, ancak pompa yok. 15 gtt/mL’lik bir infüzyon setiyle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

200 mg ilaç 100 mL içinde seyreltiliyor ve 15 gtt/mL’lik bir setle yerçekimiyle veriliyor. İstem saatte 200 mg. Damla hızı R değerini dakikadaki damla olarak bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Kayıt, bir hastanın 12 saatlik bir vardiyadaki aldığı ve çıkardığını gösteriyor. IV infüzyon vardiya boyunca gösterilen hızla gitti. Toplam alınan I değerini mL cinsinden bulun. Buz parçalarını hacimlerinin yarısı olarak sayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). 500 mL’lik bir infüzyon saat 18:30’de 120 mL/h hızla başlıyor. 2 saat sonra hız 50 mL/h’ye değiştiriliyor ve bir daha değiştirilmiyor. Başlangıçtan kaç saat t sonra torba boşalır? Bir ondalık basamağa yuvarlayın.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bir alıştırma hastası Morse düşme skalasıyla değerlendiriliyor: son 3 ayda düşme öyküsü: evet; ikincil tanı: evet; yürüme yardımcısı: yok, yatak istirahati ya da hemşire yardımı; IV tedavi ya da salin kilidi: evet; yürüyüş: normal, yatak istirahati ya da tekerlekli sandalye; mental durum: kendi sınırlarını biliyor. Morse toplamını MFS bulun.

Alıştırma (uydurma değerler, klinik rehber değildir). Bu gözlemler için NEWS2 çizelgesini (SpO₂ skala 1) kullanın: solunum sayısı 20/dk, SpO₂ %90 oda havasında, kan basıncı 124/74 mmHg, nabız 64/dk, uyanık, vücut sıcaklığı 36,8 °C. Hasta hangi klinik risk grubuna girer? Tıklayın.

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