1.Önceliklendirme ve yetki devriOrta
A patient is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which prescribed treatment is usually started first?
- AOral potassium tablets
- BSubcutaneous long-acting insulin only, given once
- CA high-carbohydrate meal
- DIV isotonic fluid such as 0,9% sodium chloride
2.Önceliklendirme ve yetki devriZor
A patient admitted with a stroke this morning asks for a glass of water. What should the nurse do first?
- AGive the water through a straw so it goes down slowly
- BAsk the family to help the patient drink while sitting upright in a chair at the bedside
- CGive thickened fluids without checking the swallow
- DCheck that a swallow screen has been done before giving anything by mouth
3.Enfeksiyon kontrolü ve hasta güvenliğiOrta
Bir hastanın göğüs bölgesinin bir alanında zona (herpes zoster) var, bağışıklığı normal ve lezyonlar tamamen örtülebiliyor. Genellikle hangi önlemler gerekir?
- ALezyonlar örtülerek standart önlemler
- BYalnızca damlacık önlemleri
- CNegatif basınçlı odada havayolu önlemleri
- DPozitif basınçlı koruyucu ortam
4.Enfeksiyon kontrolü ve hasta güvenliğiZor
A patient on contact precautions for MRSA has become withdrawn and says, “Everyone avoids me.” What is the best nursing action?
- AAsk the provider for a sedative to help the patient cope
- BExplain why the precautions are needed and plan regular, unhurried time in the room
- CKeep visits short to limit the risk of spreading MRSA
- DStop the precautions for a few days so the patient feels less isolated and alone
5.Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitlerOrta
In the US, when is a pregnant woman without known risk factors usually screened for gestational diabetes?
- AAt about 24–28 weeks of pregnancy
- BAt about 6–8 weeks of pregnancy
- CAt about 38–40 weeks of pregnancy
- DOnly after the baby is born
6.Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitlerZor
Böbrek sorunu olmayan ve EKG'si normal olan bir hastanın potasyumu 6,2 mEq/L'dir. Laboratuvar örneğin hemolizli olduğunu belirtiyor. En iyi yorum hangisidir?
- AHastada böbrek yetmezliği vardır
- BSonuç yanlış biçimde yüksek olabilir; hastayı değerlendirin ve tekrar örnek ayarlayın
- CBaşka kontrol yapmadan hemen insülin ve glikozla tedavi edin
- DPotasyum kesinlikle normaldir ve takip gerektirmez
7.Klinik hemşirelikOrta
A patient is admitted with cellulitis of the leg. Why might the nurse mark the edge of the redness on the skin?
- ATo help the patient find the sore area
- BTo show the surgeon exactly where to make the incision
- CTo monitor whether the infection is spreading or improving
- DTo mark the site for an injection
8.Klinik hemşirelikZor
Why might a patient with diabetes who takes a beta-blocker not notice hypoglycaemia early?
- ABeta-blockers can mask warning signs such as tremor and a fast heart rate
- BBeta-blockers make the patient sleep through the night
- CBeta-blockers stop the liver from responding to insulin
- DBeta-blockers raise blood glucose, so true hypoglycaemia cannot happen at all
9.Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunumOrta
After repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which regular assessment helps detect a blocked graft or clots in the legs?
- AChecking the pupils' response to light
- BTesting the gag reflex every four hours after surgery
- CChecking leg pulses, colour, warmth and sensation
- DMeasuring the blood glucose every hour through the night
10.Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunumZor
A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
- B"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."
- C"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
- D"I will have regular INR blood tests."
11.Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrekOrta
Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?
- ALow pH and low bicarbonate
- BHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
- CHigh pH and high bicarbonate
- DLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
12.Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrekZor
Gece boyunca sürekli enteral beslenme alan bir hastaya beslenmeye göre zamanlanmış insülin veriliyor. Saat 02,00'de tüp tıkanıyor ve beslenme duruyor. Başlıca risk nedir ve hemşire ne yapmalıdır?
- AKetoasidoz; sabaha kadar tüm insülini kesmelidir
- BHipoglisemi; glukozu sık kontrol etmeli ve glukoz desteği planını izlemelidir
- CHiperglisemi; hemen ek bir insülin dozu vermelidir
- DRisk yok; insülin beslenme yeniden başlayana kadar depolanacaktır
13.Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkolojiOrta
Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?
- ANon-selective beta-blockers
- BThiazide diuretics
- CCalcium supplements
- DProton pump inhibitors
14.Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkolojiZor
Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?
- AGive the next medicines through the tube as usual
- BIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
- CStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
- DContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing