Cevaplı Klinik hemşirelik çalışma kâğıdı

The term "haemoptysis" means:

1. AA nosebleed
2. BCoughing up blood
3. CPassing blood in the urine
4. DVomiting blood

Which heart rhythm needs immediate defibrillation in a patient in cardiac arrest?

1. AVentricular fibrillation
2. BAsystole
3. CSinus bradycardia
4. DFirst-degree heart block

What does the INR measure?

1. AHow long the blood takes to clot, compared with a standard
2. BThe level of white cells in the blood
3. CThe number of platelets circulating in the blood
4. DThe amount of iron stored in the body's liver and bone marrow

A patient is started on spironolactone while already taking an ACE inhibitor. Which blood result should be watched most closely?

1. AGlucose, because both drugs cause hyperglycaemia
2. BCalcium, because both drugs lower it
3. CSodium, because both drugs raise it sharply
4. DPotassium, because both drugs can raise it

A patient with pneumonia is breathless and coughing up thick sputum. Which nursing measure helps most with breathing?

1. ARestricting all oral fluids
2. BDiscouraging coughing to save energy
3. CLying the patient flat so that they can rest and conserve energy
4. DSitting the patient upright and supporting them to clear secretions

Why is continuous bladder irrigation used after a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)?

1. ATo give antibiotics directly into the kidneys
2. BTo measure the patient's kidney function
3. CTo stop blood clots from blocking the catheter
4. DTo stretch the bladder back to its normal size

Why must blood samples for a cross-match be labelled at the bedside immediately after they are taken?

1. ATo prevent "wrong blood in tube" errors that can cause fatal reactions
2. BTo let the patient sign the label
3. CTo speed up the laboratory's computer system and reduce the waiting time
4. DTo keep the sample warm so the cells do not break down in transit

A seriously ill patient asks the nurse, "Am I dying?" What is the best initial response?

1. ATell the patient not to think about such things and to stay positive
2. BGently explore what the patient understands and what has prompted the question
3. CLeave and send the doctor without saying anything
4. DChange the subject quickly to keep them cheerful and avoid upsetting them