Cevaplı Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitler çalışma kâğıdı

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid
2. BSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
3. CPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen
4. DSerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none

A urine dipstick is positive for leukocyte esterase. What does this show?

1. AWhite blood cells are present in the urine
2. BRed blood cells are present in the urine
3. CBilirubin is being passed in the urine
4. DProtein is leaking through the glomeruli

In a standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, what does the patient do?

1. AFasts for 3 days, and glucose is checked every morning before breakfast
2. BDrinks a measured glucose solution, and glucose is checked 2 hours later
3. CEats a normal meal, and glucose is checked once later that evening
4. DReceives an insulin injection, and glucose is checked each hour

A patient has started parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central line. Which test is monitored most frequently in the first days?

1. ABlood glucose
2. BThyroid hormones
3. CHemoglobin A1c
4. DSerum lipase

A patient with type 1 diabetes has the flu, is eating little and has a glucose of 290 mg/dL (16,1 mmol/L). Which advice is correct?

1. AStop all insulin until you are eating normally again
2. BWait 3 days before checking the glucose again
3. CKeep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones
4. DDrink only water and avoid all carbohydrate foods

On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12,5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?

1. ADefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now
2. BA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing
3. CA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells
4. DA common stress response to surgery that is monitored

Ten minutes into a red cell transfusion, a patient develops fever, chills, low back pain and dark urine. After stopping the transfusion, what should the nurse do next?

1. AKeep the IV open with normal saline using new tubing and call the provider
2. BFlush the remaining blood through the line with the IV fluid to finish it
3. CDiscard the blood bag and tubing in the clinical waste to stop exposure
4. DRestart the transfusion more slowly after giving an antipyretic drug

Which patient should the nurse assess first?

1. AChest pain with troponin rising from the first to the second sample
2. BStable angina with a total cholesterol of 245 mg/dL (6,3 mmol/L)
3. CHypertension with a potassium of 3,6 mEq/L on a thiazide
4. DHeart failure with a BNP lower than the result on admission