Cevaplı Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitler çalışma kâğıdı

At what time of day is serum cortisol normally highest?

1. AEarly morning
2. BLate afternoon
3. CAfter the evening meal
4. DAround midnight

Where does most of the ammonia in the blood come from, and which organ removes it?

1. AFat breakdown in adipose tissue; removed by the lungs
2. BGlucose breakdown in muscle; removed by the pancreas
3. CRed cell breakdown in the spleen; removed by the skin
4. DProtein breakdown by gut bacteria; removed by the liver

Kan üre azotu (BUN) için tipik yetişkin referans aralığı nedir?

1. AYaklaşık 7–20 mg/dL (üre 2,5–7,1 mmol/L)
2. BYaklaşık 135–145 mg/dL (üre 48–52 mmol/L)
3. CYaklaşık 0,6–1,2 mg/dL (üre 0,2–0,4 mmol/L)
4. DYaklaşık 70–99 mg/dL (üre 25–35 mmol/L)

Vankomisin dip düzeyi hedef aralığın üzerindedir. Başlıca endişe hangi advers etkidir?

1. AKabızlık ve şişkinlik
2. BYüksek trombosit sayısı (trombositoz)
3. CDüşük kan glikozu (hipoglisemi)
4. DBöbrek hasarı (nefrotoksisite)

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1,0 to 1,8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly
2. BA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
3. CNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
4. DThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs

A patient on a heparin infusion has an aPTT below the target range on the protocol. What should the nurse do?

1. ASwitch the infusion to oral warfarin without a prescription
2. BAdjust the rate as the protocol directs and recheck as scheduled
3. CContinue the same rate and recheck the aPTT in a few days
4. DStop the infusion and give protamine sulfate as quickly as possible

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10,2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin K deficiency
2. BIron deficiency from gut loss
3. CVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
4. DVitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Weeks after neck surgery, a patient has muscle cramps and tingling. Calcium is low, phosphate is high and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is low. Which condition fits best?

1. AChronic kidney disease
2. BVitamin D toxicity
3. CPrimary hyperparathyroidism
4. DHypoparathyroidism