Cevaplı Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitler çalışma kâğıdı

Serum sodyumu için tipik yetişkin referans aralığı nedir?

1. A150–165 mEq/L
2. B3,5–5,0 mEq/L
3. C95–105 mEq/L
4. D135–145 mEq/L

Serum digoksini için yaygın olarak belirtilen terapötik aralık nedir?

1. AYaklaşık 0,05–0,2 ng/mL
2. BYaklaşık 20–40 ng/mL
3. CYaklaşık 10–20 ng/mL
4. DYaklaşık 0,5–2,0 ng/mL

What is the difference between serum and plasma?

1. ASerum and plasma are two names for exactly the same fluid
2. BPlasma is the fluid left after blood clots, without fibrinogen
3. CSerum is what is left after blood clots, minus clotting factors
4. DSerum contains all the red cells, while plasma contains none

A patient taking spironolactone asks about using a salt substitute. What should the nurse explain?

1. ASalt substitutes protect against the potassium loss caused by this drug
2. BMost salt substitutes contain potassium and can raise the level too high
3. CSalt substitutes are fine as long as the patient drinks more water
4. DSalt substitutes are safe because they contain only sodium chloride

A patient with iron-deficiency anemia started oral iron. Which result is usually the earliest sign that treatment is working?

1. AA fall in the mean cell volume (MCV)
2. BA rise in the platelet count
3. CA fall in the white cell count
4. DA rise in the reticulocyte count

A patient with type 1 diabetes has the flu, is eating little and has a glucose of 290 mg/dL (16,1 mmol/L). Which advice is correct?

1. AStop all insulin until you are eating normally again
2. BWait 3 days before checking the glucose again
3. CDrink only water and avoid all carbohydrate foods
4. DKeep taking insulin and check blood or urine ketones

A patient with a heart murmur and fever has three sets of blood cultures, taken hours apart, all growing the same Streptococcus species. What does this suggest?

1. AA urinary tract infection that has spread to the skin
2. BContamination of all three samples during collection
3. CPersistent bacteremia, as in infective endocarditis
4. DA normal finding in patients with heart murmurs

Apiksaban kullanan bir hasta, varfarin kullanan komşusu gibi neden düzenli INR testlerine ihtiyaç duymadığını soruyor. En iyi açıklama nedir?

1. AApiksaban bunun yerine her gün aPTT ile izlenir
2. BApiksaban aslında kanı sulandırmaz
3. CINR, diğer rutin kan testleriyle birlikte gizlice kontrol edilir
4. DEtkisi öngörülebilirdir; bu yüzden rutin pıhtılaşma testlerine gerek yoktur