Cevaplı Laboratuvar değerleri ve elektrolitler çalışma kâğıdı

Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all
2. BOnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
3. CUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder
4. DThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. AAbout half
2. BNearly all
3. CAlmost none
4. DAbout one tenth

What does the term "left shift" mean on a white cell differential?

1. AMore immature neutrophils (bands) than normal
2. BA fall in all the white cell types together
3. CA rise in the number of eosinophils
4. DMore lymphocytes than neutrophils in the blood

A patient with suspected pulmonary TB needs sputum samples for acid-fast bacilli. Which instruction is correct?

1. AGive one sample after brushing with mouthwash so it is clean
2. BGive several deep-cough samples, often first thing in the morning
3. CGive several samples of nasal mucus blown into a tissue
4. DGive one sample of saliva collected from the mouth at any time of day

A patient taking phenazopyridine for bladder pain has bright orange urine. What should the nurse know about urine tests?

1. AThe dye can interfere with dipstick color readings
2. BThe drug improves the accuracy of all dipsticks
3. CThe color proves blood is present in the urine
4. DThe color shows severe liver failure is present

An older adult takes lisinopril and furosemide and recently started daily ibuprofen for knee pain. The creatinine has risen from 1,0 to 1,8 mg/dL (88 to 159 µmol/L). What is the most likely cause?

1. AA laboratory error, since ibuprofen has no effect on the kidney
2. BThe NSAID reduces kidney blood flow on top of the other two drugs
3. CNormal aging of the kidneys over a period of a few weeks
4. DMore activity has increased the patient's muscle mass quickly

Alkol kullanım bozukluğu olan bir hastanın iki günlük replasmana rağmen potasyumu 3,0 mEq/L'dir. Magnezyum 0,9 mEq/L'dir. En uygun sonraki adım nedir?

1. ATüm elektrolit replasmanını 24 saat durdurmak ve yeniden kontrol etmek
2. BFazla magnezyumu uzaklaştırmak için diüretik vermek
3. CPotasyum dozunu iki katına çıkarmak ve magnezyumu sonraya bırakmak
4. DMagnezyumu yerine koymak; düşük magnezyum böbreklerin potasyum kaybetmesini sürdürür

Digoksin kullanan bir hastanın düzeyi 1,2 ng/mL, potasyumu 2,8 mEq/L'dir ve yeni sık ventriküler ektopik atımlar vardır. En iyi yorum hangisidir?

1. ADüzey olağan aralıkta olduğu için neden digoksin olamaz
2. BPotasyumun kalp ritmi üzerinde etkisi yoktur
3. CHastanın ritmi kontrol etmek için daha yüksek digoksin dozuna ihtiyacı vardır
4. DToksisite olabilir; çünkü düşük potasyum digoksinin etkisini artırır