Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

On spirometry, what does a reduced FEV₁/FVC ratio indicate?

1. ALow haemoglobin
2. BWeak heart muscle
3. CObstruction to airflow
4. DNormal lung function

Miyokard enfarktüsünden sonra troponin düzeyi yaklaşık ne kadar süre yüksek kalabilir?

1. AYalnızca ilk 2 saat
2. BYaklaşık 10–14 güne kadar
3. CYaklaşık 6 ay
4. DYalnızca göğüs ağrısı geçene kadar

Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta?

1. AThe right atrium
2. BThe right ventricle
3. CThe left ventricle
4. DThe left atrium

A young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy asks why they are told to avoid dehydration. What is the best explanation?

1. ADehydration is the cause of the inherited condition
2. BLow blood volume can worsen obstruction of blood leaving the heart
3. CDehydration makes the heart muscle grow thicker within a few hours
4. DFluids dissolve the extra muscle in the heart wall

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
2. BIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
3. CIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
4. DIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply

Why is active tuberculosis treated with several drugs for at least six months?

1. ABecause each drug works on a different organ only
2. BBecause the bacteria are resistant to all drugs at first
3. CTo reduce the number of side effects compared with one drug
4. DTo kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance

After a pneumonectomy, how is the patient usually positioned?

1. AHead down with the legs raised, to drain secretions from the lung
2. BFully on the non-operated side, to help drain the empty space
3. CFlat and prone for the whole of the first day after surgery
4. DOn the back or the operated side, not fully on the remaining lung

Dabigatran kullanan bir hastada ciddi gastrointestinal kanama vardır. Hangi özgül geri çevirici ajan kullanılabilir?

1. ATek başına traneksamik asit
2. BProtamin sülfat
3. Cİdarusizumab
4. DFitomenadion (K vitamini)