Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

What is an embolus?

1. AA clot that stays fixed in the vessel where it first formed
2. BA clot or other mass that travels in the blood and lodges elsewhere
3. CA narrowing of an artery caused by a build-up of fatty plaque
4. DA bulge in the weakened wall of an artery that may rupture

İnhale kortikosteroid kullandıktan sonra hasta neden ağzını çalkalamalıdır?

1. Aİlacı akciğerlere doğru yıkamak için
2. BOral pamukçuğu ve ses kısıklığını azaltmak için
3. Cİlacın daha hızlı etki etmesini sağlamak için
4. Dİlacın neden olduğu tremoru önlemek için

Which finding on abdominal examination suggests an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

1. AA tender lump in the right iliac fossa
2. BA pulsating mass around the umbilicus
3. CLoud, high-pitched bowel sounds
4. DA dull area that shifts when the patient turns

After an arterial blood gas sample is taken from the radial artery, what should the nurse do?

1. ABend the wrist sharply upwards to stop the bleeding
2. BMassage the site to help the bruising fade
3. CApply firm pressure to the site for several minutes
4. DLeave the site uncovered without pressure

Virchow's triad describes three factors that promote venous thrombosis. Which patient factor represents venous stasis?

1. AAn inherited clotting disorder
2. BDamage to a vein during hip surgery
3. CImmobility after major surgery
4. DTaking an oestrogen-containing pill

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
2. BThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle
3. CThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery
4. DThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias

During a cardiac arrest, the monitor shows an organised rhythm, but there is no pulse. What should the team do?

1. AStop CPR, because an organised rhythm on the monitor means recovery
2. BGive adenosine to slow the rhythm down
3. CDeliver an unsynchronised shock at once and then check the pulse
4. DContinue CPR and give adrenaline (epinephrine), as the rhythm is non-shockable

A ventilated patient suddenly desaturates to 82%. The cause is not obvious and the ventilator alarms are sounding. What should the nurse do first?

1. ADisconnect and hand-ventilate with 100% oxygen while calling for help
2. BChange the ventilator settings to a higher rate
3. CSilence the alarm and wait for the result of the next routine blood gas
4. DIncrease the sedation and watch the monitor for the next half hour