Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. AExactly 1 second
2. BMore than 0,50 seconds
3. CBetween 0,20 and 0,40 seconds
4. DLess than 0,12 seconds

Which valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

1. AThe aortic valve
2. BThe pulmonary valve
3. CThe mitral valve
4. DThe tricuspid valve

Drug names ending in "-olol", such as bisoprolol and atenolol, belong to which class?

1. ALoop diuretics
2. BCalcium channel blockers
3. CACE inhibitors
4. DBeta-blockers

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt turns the statin into a blood thinner
2. BIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
3. CIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
4. DIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage

A patient with heart failure takes furosemide once a day. When is the best time to take it?

1. AIn the morning, to avoid needing the toilet at night
2. BWhenever the ankles look swollen, on those days only
3. CAt bedtime, so the effect lasts through the night
4. DJust before the evening meal, with a large drink

The telemetry monitor suddenly shows a chaotic waveform resembling ventricular fibrillation, but the patient is talking and brushing their teeth. What should the nurse do first?

1. ADeliver an immediate defibrillation shock before checking anything
2. BCheck the patient and the electrodes, as this is likely artefact
3. CGive IV amiodarone as a bolus
4. DStart chest compressions straight away and call the arrest team

A patient is listed for coronary angiography in the morning. Which pre-procedure result should the nurse report to the team?

1. AA markedly reduced eGFR
2. BA normal platelet count
3. CA haemoglobin in the normal range
4. DA blood glucose of 5,4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)

A patient with an inferior myocardial infarction develops complete heart block with a heart rate of 38/min. What is the most likely reason?

1. AThe left anterior descending artery supplies the SA node only
2. BThe right coronary artery usually supplies the AV node
3. CInferior infarcts always destroy the bundle of His permanently
4. DHeart block is caused by the thrombolytic drug