Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: kardiyovasküler ve solunum çalışma kâğıdı

Gliseril trinitratın (nitrogliserin) en sık görülen yan etkisi hangisidir?

1. ABaş ağrısı
2. BAyak bileği şişliği
3. CKuru öksürük
4. DKabızlık

What is the normal duration of the QRS complex on an adult ECG?

1. ABetween 0,20 and 0,40 seconds
2. BMore than 0,50 seconds
3. CExactly 1 second
4. DLess than 0,12 seconds

Which structure is the heart's natural pacemaker?

1. AThe Purkinje fibres
2. BThe atrioventricular (AV) node
3. CThe sinoatrial (SA) node
4. DThe bundle of His

A patient who had a stroke has a weak swallow. Which measure most reduces the risk of aspiration pneumonia?

1. AGiving meals while the patient is drowsy
2. BGiving thin fluids quickly through a straw between meals
3. CLying flat for 30 minutes after eating to aid digestion
4. DA swallowing assessment and sitting upright for meals

A patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator asks what to do if it fires. Which teaching is correct?

1. ADrive straight to hospital alone after any shock so the device can be checked by the team
2. BOne shock and well: contact the device clinic; repeated shocks or unwell: call emergency services
3. CRemove the device battery at home if it fires more than once
4. DIgnore any shock at all, because the device is designed to fire every day and needs no follow-up

After repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which regular assessment helps detect a blocked graft or clots in the legs?

1. AChecking leg pulses, colour, warmth and sensation
2. BChecking the pupils' response to light
3. CTesting the gag reflex every four hours after surgery
4. DMeasuring the blood glucose every hour through the night

Which task for a stable patient with heart failure can the registered nurse most appropriately delegate to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AAssessing lung sounds for new crackles
2. BMeasuring and recording the morning weight
3. CDeciding whether to give the furosemide dose
4. DTeaching the patient about a low-salt diet

Two adults with cystic fibrosis are admitted to the same ward. What is the correct infection-control plan?

1. ANurse them in separate single rooms and keep them apart
2. BPut them in the same bay so they can support each other
3. CUse standard precautions only, as CF is not infectious
4. DLet them share physiotherapy sessions and equipment