Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands
2. BA stiff neck with sensitivity to light
3. CA fine rash over the chest and arms
4. DA drooping eyelid on one side

What is the main aim of palliative care?

1. ACuring the disease at any cost, whatever the side effects
2. BReplacing all other medical treatment
3. COnly providing care in the last hour of life
4. DImproving quality of life for people with serious illness

Where is biliary colic typically felt?

1. AIn the groin, after standing for a long time
2. BIn the lower back, after lifting something heavy
3. CIn the right upper abdomen, often after a fatty meal
4. DIn the left lower abdomen, after passing stool

Yeni ileostomide tıkanma riskini hangi beslenme öğüdü azaltır?

1. AFazla çiğnemeden yiyecekleri hızla yutmak
2. BÇıkışı koyu tutmak için çok az sıvı içmek
3. Cİyice çiğnemek ve lifli besinleri yavaşça eklemek
4. Dİlk günden itibaren bol miktarda kuruyemiş ve tohum yemek

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
2. BThe surgeon is paid per minute of use
3. CIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used
4. DLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage

Why is an ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before compression bandaging for a leg ulcer?

1. ATo find the bacteria in the wound
2. BTo check for a leg bone fracture
3. CTo exclude significant arterial disease
4. DTo find out how deep the ulcer is

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
2. BAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
3. CPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
4. DSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward

An 80-year-old has a fluid balance 3 L positive two days after surgery. They are now breathless, with crackles at both lung bases and swollen ankles. What should the nurse do?

1. AEncourage the patient to drink more fluids
2. BLie the patient flat with the legs raised
3. CStop the IV fluids, sit the patient up and escalate
4. DIncrease the IV fluid rate to improve kidney flow