Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which feature is typical of ulcerative colitis?

1. AInflammation of the full thickness of the small bowel
2. BPatchy inflammation anywhere from mouth to anus
3. CInflammation limited to the oesophagus
4. DContinuous inflammation starting at the rectum

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ABecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective
2. BBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
3. CSo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately
4. DBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason

Sağlıklı bir stoma nasıl görünür?

1. ANemli ve kırmızı veya pembe
2. BMor veya donuk ve kuru
3. CKuru ve siyah
4. DSoluk ve soğuk

Which statement about pain in older adults is correct?

1. AOlder adults feel less pain because nerves wear out
2. BPain is a normal part of ageing and does not need any treatment at all
3. COpioids must never be used in people over 70
4. DThey may under-report pain, so active assessment is needed

Which rule about the sterile field is correct?

1. AThe area below a gowned person's waist is sterile
2. BIf sterility is in doubt, the item is treated as contaminated
3. CA sterile pack stays sterile even when it is wet
4. DSterile items can be passed across a non-sterile area freely

Why are carbohydrate drinks often given before surgery in enhanced recovery programmes?

1. ATo raise the blood pressure during the anaesthetic
2. BTo make the bowels open before the operation
3. CTo replace the need for any IV fluids afterwards
4. DTo reduce insulin resistance and improve recovery

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive all breakthrough doses at the same time
2. BReport it, as the regular background dose may need review
3. CTell the patient to put up with the pain between doses
4. DStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use

Which new prescription for a patient with cirrhosis should the nurse question?

1. AThiamine supplements
2. BRegular ibuprofen for back pain
3. CSpironolactone for ascites
4. DLactulose to keep the bowels open