Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands
2. BA stiff neck with sensitivity to light
3. CA fine rash over the chest and arms
4. DA drooping eyelid on one side

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 10 minutes before
2. BUp to 12 hours before
3. CUp to 24 hours before
4. DUp to 2 hours before

Which signs suggest a surgical site infection?

1. AMild bruising around the wound that is fading a little each day
2. BMild itching as the wound heals
3. CIncreasing pain, redness, swelling, heat and pus
4. DA dry wound edge with a thin scab

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. ABlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight
2. BReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine
3. CPeak flow before and after each meal
4. DPupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day

GİS kanaması olan stabil bir hastada kırmızı hücre transfüzyonuna yönelik hangi yaklaşım güncel kanıtlara uyar?

1. AHer endoskopiden önce rutin olarak iki ünite transfüzyon yapmak
2. BÇoğu stabil hastada, çoğunlukla yaklaşık 70 g/L civarında kısıtlayıcı bir eşik
3. CHemoglobini her zaman 150 g/L'nin üzerinde tutmak için herkese transfüzyon yapmak
4. DHemoglobin veya belirtiler ne olursa olsun asla transfüzyon yapmamak

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. ANormal ageing of the swallowing muscles
2. BA dry mouth from drinking too little water
3. CSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
4. DA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour

A nurse teaches a patient with a new ileostomy. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll chew my food well to avoid blockages."
2. B"I'll drink less so my bag fills more slowly."
3. C"I'll watch for dizziness and dark urine."
4. D"I'll report if my output becomes very watery and high."

A patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis develops abdominal distension, fever and tachycardia, and the stool frequency has dropped. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AThe flare is getting better
2. BToxic megacolon
3. CSimple constipation from low intake
4. DHaemorrhoids caused by diarrhoea