Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. ABacteria that cause food poisoning
2. BHidden human blood in the stool
3. CFat in the stool from poor absorption
4. DParasites and their eggs in the stool

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. APlacing a stent in the bile duct
2. BJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
3. CRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
4. DRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions

Which bedside test is commonly used to check for postoperative urinary retention?

1. AA 12-lead ECG
2. BA bladder ultrasound scan
3. CA chest X-ray
4. DA blood glucose test

Why do patients with major burns lose so much fluid in the first 24–48 hours?

1. AThe kidneys stop making urine completely
2. BLeaky capillaries let plasma move into the tissues
3. CPatients drink far too little in hospital in the first days
4. DThe burned skin absorbs fluid from the air

Which monitoring is especially important for a patient receiving parenteral nutrition?

1. ABlood glucose and signs of line infection
2. BPupil size and limb strength
3. CBowel sounds and stool colour only
4. DPeak flow and visual acuity

How should a patient with facial burns usually be positioned?

1. AWith the head of the bed raised to reduce swelling
2. BLying flat with the head lower than the feet
3. CLying face down on the pillow to protect the airway
4. DIn any position that keeps the face covered

A nurse teaches a patient after a laparoscopic fundoplication for reflux. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Some difficulty swallowing can happen in the early weeks."
2. B"I'll eat soft, moist food at first and chew it well."
3. C"Fizzy drinks will help me bring up wind after meals."
4. D"I should eat smaller meals for a while after the operation."

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. ARadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support
2. BNormal ageing; no action needed
3. CA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
4. DA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG