Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Why are swabs, sharps and instruments counted during surgery?

1. ATo check the stock in the store room
2. BTo prevent items being left inside the patient
3. CTo calculate the cost of the operation
4. DTo decide how long the operation took

What does "coffee-ground" vomit usually indicate?

1. ABile coming back from an obstructed small bowel
2. BUndigested food from several days ago
3. CBlood that has been partly digested by stomach acid
4. DA side effect of drinking strong coffee

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. APlacing a stent in the bile duct
2. BRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
3. CJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
4. DRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. ANo food at all until the confusion settles
2. BOnly clear fluids for several weeks
3. CA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia
4. DNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack

Why is a pregnancy test often done before surgery in women who could be pregnant?

1. APregnant women cannot sign consent forms
2. BPregnancy always makes surgery impossible
3. CAnaesthesia, drugs and some tests may harm a fetus
4. DIt is needed to calculate the anaesthetic drug dose

Why are many patients screened for MRSA before planned surgery?

1. ATo check whether the patient has had a flu vaccine
2. BSo that carriers can be decolonised to reduce infection
3. CSo that surgery can be cancelled for all positive patients
4. DTo decide which anaesthetic drug to use

Two days after a PEG insertion, a patient reports pain on feeding, and feed is leaking around the site. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue feeding and apply a thicker dressing
2. BIncrease the feed rate to improve nutrition
3. CStop the feed at once and seek urgent medical advice
4. DGive the next medicines through the tube as usual

A dying patient has noisy, rattling breathing. The patient seems unaware, but the family is distressed. What is the best nursing approach?

1. AGive large volumes of IV fluid to loosen and thin the secretions
2. BReposition, explain the cause and give prescribed drugs if needed
3. CPerform deep suction every hour
4. DAsk the family to leave the room