Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
2. BThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
3. CThe patient is fully alert and anxious
4. DThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one

Which diet is usually advised to help prevent symptoms of diverticular disease?

1. AA high-fibre diet with plenty of fluids
2. BA diet with no fruit or vegetables
3. CA diet based mainly on red meat
4. DA low-fibre diet with very little fluid

What is a skin graft donor site?

1. AThe area where the graft was placed on the burn wound
2. BA scar that has fully matured
3. CA blood vessel used to give fluids
4. DA wound where healthy skin was taken for grafting

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the medicines but not the feed
2. BFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed
3. CDo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
4. DStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing

Sirozda sodyum kısıtlamasının ve spironolaktonun rolü nedir?

1. ASodyum ve su retansiyonunu azaltmak ve asiti kontrol etmek
2. BPotasyum kaybını artırmak ve hiperkalemiyi önlemek
3. CKan amonyağını düşürmek ve ensefalopatiyi tedavi etmek
4. DKan basıncını yükseltmek ve böbrek kan akımını iyileştirmek

Which diet is usually recommended for a patient with cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AOnly clear fluids for several weeks
2. BNo food at all until the confusion settles
3. CNormal protein and enough calories, with a late-evening snack
4. DA very low-protein diet for the rest of their life to lower ammonia

During burn resuscitation, a 70 kg adult's urine output has been 120 mL/h for 3 hours, and the face and limbs are very oedematous. What should the nurse do?

1. ADiscuss reducing the fluid rate with the team
2. BIncrease the fluid rate to keep the output high
3. CStop all IV fluids completely and remove the catheter
4. DGive a diuretic without discussing it

Four patients from a house fire arrive in the emergency department. Which should the nurse assess first?

1. APartial-thickness burns to both legs, with pain rated 8/10
2. BCircumferential chest burns, with breathing becoming shallow and laboured
3. CRedness on the backs of both hands, and very anxious
4. DA blistered forearm burn and a small cut on the knee