Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which tool helps assess pain in a person with advanced dementia who cannot report it?

1. AThe MUST nutrition score
2. BAn observational scale such as PAINAD or Abbey
3. CThe Glasgow Coma Scale, scored every hour
4. DA numerical rating scale from 0 to 10, read out slowly

Which finding is typical of a perforated peptic ulcer?

1. AA soft, non-tender abdomen with loud, frequent bowel sounds
2. BSudden severe abdominal pain with a rigid, board-like abdomen
3. CSlow onset of mild pain relieved fully by eating
4. DPainless bright red bleeding from the rectum over several days

Which signs suggest a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA painless rash on both shins
2. BCold, pale feet on both sides with no pulse
3. CItching between the toes of both feet
4. DSwelling, pain, warmth and redness of one calf

Why are antimotility drugs such as loperamide avoided in C. difficile infection?

1. AThey cause serious liver failure in most patients who take them
2. BThey make the stool sample test positive falsely
3. CThey may keep toxin in the bowel and risk toxic megacolon
4. DThey kill the normal bowel bacteria

Which instruction is important during bowel preparation for colonoscopy?

1. AEat a high-fibre meal the evening before the test
2. BDrink plenty of clear fluids while taking the preparation
3. CTake the preparation only if the bowels have not opened
4. DAvoid all fluids for 24 hours before the test

Which lung problem is a known toxicity of bleomycin?

1. APneumothorax from coughing
2. BLung cancer within weeks
3. CPulmonary fibrosis
4. DAsthma from pollen

A patient with bone metastases is starting regular zoledronic acid. Which advice is important?

1. ATake extra calcium only on the day of infusion
2. BHave a dental check and report jaw pain or loose teeth
3. CAvoid all physical activity for six months
4. DStop drinking all fluids on the day of each infusion

Which preoperative task can a registered nurse usually delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching the patient how to use a PCA pump
2. BDeciding whether abnormal results need reporting
3. CRecording baseline vital signs
4. DAssessing the patient's understanding of the surgery