Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

Which bedside test is commonly used to check that a nasogastric tube is in the stomach before each use?

1. ATesting aspirate with pH paper
2. BAsking the patient whether it feels comfortable
3. CListening for a "whoosh" of injected air
4. DPutting the tube end in a cup of water

What is dumping syndrome after gastric surgery?

1. ASlow emptying of the stomach causing food to stay for days
2. BReflux of bowel contents back into the oesophagus
3. CRapid passage of food from the stomach into the small bowel
4. DLeakage of bile from the liver into the abdominal cavity

What does standard H. pylori eradication therapy usually combine?

1. ATwo NSAIDs and a stimulant laxative for one month
2. BA proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics
3. CA steroid and an antiviral drug
4. DAn antacid and a single antifungal drug

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. AA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly
2. BDecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
3. CEating a large high-fibre meal
4. DHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth

Hastalara öksürürken karın yarasını yastıkla desteklemeleri neden öğretilir?

1. ADeri kenarlarının iyileşmesini hızlandırır
2. BAğrıyı ve gerilmeyi azaltır, böylece iyi öksürebilirler
3. CÖksürüğü zayıflatır, böylece yara risk altında olmaz
4. DDüzenli analjezi gereksinimini ortadan kaldırır

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. AA dry mouth from drinking too little water
2. BSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
3. CA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
4. DNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan
2. BTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG
3. CA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
4. DFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray

A surgical patient's MUST score is 3 and the wound is healing slowly. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AEncourage fasting to reduce wound exudate and the size of the dressing
2. BRefer to the dietitian, start a nutrition plan and monitor intake
3. CRepeat the score in three months' time
4. DRestrict protein to help the kidneys