Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: sindirim sistemi, perioperatif ve onkoloji çalışma kâğıdı

What is a volvulus?

1. AAn infection of the appendix
2. BA tear in the lining of the anus
3. CA twist of a loop of bowel around itself
4. DA pouch in the wall of the colon that fills with stool

What is metastasis?

1. ASpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
2. BThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body
3. CHealing of tissue after a biopsy
4. DShrinking of a tumour after treatment

Kemoterapide “nadir” nedir?

1. AYeni bir kemoterapi kürünün ilk günü
2. BBir kürden sonra kan sayımlarının en düşük olduğu zaman
3. CBir kürden sonra kan sayımlarının en yüksek olduğu zaman
4. DBir radyoterapi kürünün son günü

PCA pompasındaki kilitleme aralığının (lockout interval) amacı nedir?

1. ABir önceki doz etki etmeden yeni dozu engeller
2. BHastanın geceleri hiçbir doz almasını engeller
3. CPompayı kilitleyerek enjektörün değiştirilmesini önler
4. DBüyük dozlar arasında hastayı bir gün bekletir

Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?

1. ATo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed
2. BTo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early
3. CTo record when visitors come and go
4. DTo decide which meal the patient will have next

Which description fits a category (stage) 4 pressure ulcer?

1. AFull-thickness loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle
2. BIntact skin with redness that does not blanch
3. CA blister filled with clear fluid over the heel or sacrum
4. DA shallow wound into the dermis only

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff
2. BExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
3. CInsist they walk without any analgesia
4. DAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0

An incontinent patient has diffuse, shiny, red and broken skin in the natal cleft and buttocks with irregular edges, not over a bony prominence. What is most likely?

1. AIncontinence-associated dermatitis
2. BA category 4 pressure ulcer over the sacrum
3. CA full-thickness burn
4. DAn arterial ulcer caused by poor circulation