Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
2. BMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods
3. CVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
4. DWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

1. AHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
2. BSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine
3. CBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
4. DPainless red urine with clots

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning
2. BA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier
3. CA kidney stone passed the week before
4. DA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
2. BGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
3. CWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
4. DOmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day

Akut böbrek hasarı (KDIGO) kriterlerinden hangisi idrar çıkışıyla ilgilidir?

1. Aİdrar renginde herhangi bir değişiklik
2. B6 saat veya daha uzun süre 0,5 mL/kg/sa'nın altı
3. CAlıma bakılmaksızın 24 saatte 1 L'nin altı
4. D1 saat boyunca 2 mL/kg/sa'nın altı

A patient is starting nitrofurantoin for a UTI. Which teaching point is correct?

1. AIt may turn the urine dark yellow or brown
2. BIt must be taken only once a week
3. CIt turns the tears and sweat bright orange
4. DIt should be taken on an empty stomach with milk

A patient with polycystic kidney disease suddenly has the worst headache of their life and neck stiffness. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA subarachnoid haemorrhage from a brain aneurysm
2. BA migraine linked to high blood pressure
3. CA urinary infection that has spread
4. DPain spreading upwards from a kidney cyst

A patient's glucose is 6,2 mmol/L (112 mg/dL) at 03:00 and 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL) before breakfast. No hypoglycaemia occurred overnight. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe Somogyi effect from a night-time hypo
2. BA large snack eaten in the night by mistake
3. CThe dawn phenomenon from early-morning hormones
4. DThe meter is faulty and should be replaced