Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Akut böbrek hasarının yaygın prerenal nedeni hangisidir?

1. AÇıkışı tıkayan büyümüş prostat
2. BHer iki üreteri tıkayan böbrek taşları
3. CGentamisinin tübüllerde yaptığı hasar
4. DDehidratasyon veya düşük kan basıncı

Levotiroksin genellikle nasıl alınmalıdır?

1. ASüt ve kahve içeren büyük bir kahvaltıyla birlikte
2. BYatmadan önce, bir kalsiyum veya demir tableti ile birlikte
3. CYalnızca hasta yorgun hissettiği günlerde
4. DAç karnına, kahvaltıdan 30–60 dakika önce

Which symptom is the classic warning sign of bladder cancer?

1. APainless visible blood in the urine
2. BLeaking urine when coughing
3. CBurning pain on passing urine
4. DSevere loin pain that comes in waves

For which patient would the nurse question an order for pioglitazone?

1. AA patient with an allergy to latex
2. BA patient with heart failure
3. CA patient with asthma
4. DA patient with hypothyroidism

A patient receives phenytoin through a nasogastric tube along with continuous enteral feed. Which issue should the nurse know about?

1. APhenytoin must be crushed and mixed into the feed bag
2. BThe feed increases phenytoin levels and causes toxicity within hours
3. CThe feed can reduce phenytoin absorption, so the feed is often paused around the dose
4. DPhenytoin makes the feed curdle, so the two must never be used in one patient

Why is propranolol given to a patient with hyperthyroidism?

1. ATo stop the thyroid gland from making any more hormones
2. BTo ease tremor and palpitations while other treatment starts
3. CTo replace the hormone lost from the thyroid gland
4. DTo destroy overactive thyroid tissue over a few weeks

A prescription reads "Insulin 10U". Why is this a safety problem?

1. A"U" means the insulin must be given intravenously
2. B"U" can be misread as a zero, giving a tenfold dose
3. CInsulin doses must always be written in millilitres
4. DThere is no problem as long as the nurse can read it

Four patients had a minor head injury with no loss of consciousness and a GCS of 15. Which one most needs a CT scan of the head?

1. AA 40-year-old with a mild headache that is improving
2. BA 78-year-old who takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation
3. CA 25-year-old with a small scalp graze after a fall
4. DA 30-year-old who bumped their head on a cupboard door