Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Which symptoms in a patient with back pain suggest cauda equina syndrome?

1. AMild stiffness in the morning that soon wears off
2. BNumbness between the legs and new bladder problems
3. CPain that is worse after a long day at work
4. DBack pain that eases when walking around the house

Which symptoms are typical of cystitis (a bladder infection)?

1. APainless red urine with clots
2. BHigh fever, shaking rigors and pain in the loin
3. CBurning on passing urine, frequency and urgency
4. DSwelling of the ankles and frothy urine

Which side effect of metformin is most common?

1. AWeight gain and oedema
2. BNausea and diarrhoea
3. CA dry cough at night
4. DGum overgrowth and a rash

A routine blood test shows a potassium of 6,4 mmol/L. The lab reports that the sample was haemolysed. The patient feels well. What should the nurse do?

1. AInform the doctor and arrange an urgent repeat sample
2. BGive oral potassium supplements straight away
3. CStart dialysis as soon as possible
4. DIgnore it, because haemolysis always gives a normal result

Bir hastanın kontrolü zor hipertansiyonu ve diüretik kullanmadığı halde süregelen düşük potasyumu vardır. Hangi durum düşünülmelidir?

1. ASantral diabetes insipidus
2. BPrimer hipotiroidi
3. CPrimer hiperaldosteronizm (Conn)
4. DPrimer adrenal yetmezlik (Addison)

Hemodiyalizin hangi komplikasyonu, özellikle ilk seanslarda baş ağrısı, bulantı, huzursuzluk ve bazen nöbetlere yol açar?

1. AHatlar yoluyla venöz hava embolisi
2. BBakteriyel peritonit
3. CDiyaliz dengesizliği sendromu
4. DDiyalizat hipoglisemisi

A nurse teaches a patient about peritoneal dialysis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"If the fluid is cloudy, I'll see if it clears next time."
2. B"I will wash my hands carefully before each exchange."
3. C"I will check my exit site every day."
4. D"I will weigh myself daily and record my fluid balance."

A man with chronic urinary retention is catheterised. Over the next hours he passes very large volumes of urine. What is the main nursing concern?

1. AFluid and electrolyte loss from post-obstructive diuresis
2. BA rise in blood glucose from the urine
3. CRupture of the bladder from the catheter
4. DA urinary infection caused by the high flow of urine