Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

How does glucagon raise blood glucose?

1. AIt adds glucose directly into the bloodstream
2. BIt stops the kidneys losing glucose in urine
3. CIt makes the liver release stored glucose
4. DIt blocks the absorption of glucose in muscle

Postiktal evre nedir?

1. ABeş dakikadan uzun süren nöbet
2. BTonik-klonik nöbetin başındaki sertleşme evresi
3. CNöbetten sonraki uyku hali ve konfüzyon dönemi
4. DNöbet başlamadan hemen önceki uyarıcı his

What happens in multiple sclerosis?

1. AThe immune system damages myelin in the brain and spinal cord
2. BMotor nerve cells slowly die without any inflammation
3. CA virus destroys the nerves in the arms and legs
4. DAntibodies block signals at the junction between nerve and muscle

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A3200 mL
2. B2500 mL
3. C700 mL
4. D5700 mL

Hipertiroidi nedeniyle karbimazol kullanan bir hasta boğaz ağrısı ve ateş bildiriyor. Hemşire ne yapmalıdır?

1. ATuzlu suyla gargara önermeli ve ilaca bir hafta daha devam etmelidir
2. Bİlacın ciddi kan yan etkisi olmadığı için hastayı rahatlatmalıdır
3. CTiroidi daha hızlı kontrol altına almak için dozu ikiye katlamalıdır
4. DAgranülositozu aramak için acil tam kan sayımı ayarlamalıdır

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
2. BUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen
3. CInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
4. DInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm

A patient with myasthenia gravis took extra pyridostigmine doses. They now have more weakness, heavy salivation, sweating, diarrhoea, small pupils and a slow pulse. What is most likely?

1. AA myasthenic crisis from too little medication
2. BA normal response to a higher dose
3. CA cholinergic crisis from too much medication
4. DAn allergic reaction to the drug

Near the end of a haemodialysis session, a patient has painful leg cramps and a falling blood pressure. What is the most likely cause?

1. ANot enough fluid is being removed
2. BFluid is being removed too quickly
3. CThe dialysate is too cold
4. DAn allergic reaction to the needles