Cevaplı Dahili-cerrahi: nöroloji, endokrin ve böbrek çalışma kâğıdı

Which symptoms are typical of a prolactinoma in a woman?

1. AWeight loss with heat intolerance and a fine tremor
2. BKidney stones, bone pain and constipation
3. CVery dark skin creases and a craving for salt
4. DMilky nipple discharge and irregular periods

Why should people with diabetic neuropathy avoid walking barefoot?

1. AInsulin is absorbed less well from the feet and the legs
2. BThey may not feel an injury, so it can go unnoticed
3. CWalking barefoot raises the blood glucose
4. DBare feet lose too much heat through the skin

Which finding is a common reason for urgent dialysis?

1. AHyperkalaemia that does not respond to treatment
2. BA mildly raised creatinine with no symptoms
3. CA single episode of itching
4. DA haemoglobin of 105 g/L (10,5 g/dL) with mild tiredness

A patient uses a continuous glucose monitor. Which statement is correct?

1. AIt works by giving small doses of insulin automatically
2. BIt measures glucose directly in the blood every second of the day
3. CIt makes finger-prick checks unnecessary in every situation
4. DIt reads glucose in fluid under the skin, a little behind blood glucose

Which approach helps most when talking to a patient with expressive aphasia?

1. AAsk questions that can be answered with yes, no or a gesture
2. BAvoid talking to them until their speech has recovered
3. CFinish their sentences quickly to save them effort
4. DSpeak louder, because the patient cannot hear well

Why is an ACE inhibitor often given to a patient with diabetes and albumin in the urine?

1. AIt stops the kidneys from passing so much urine at night
2. BIt raises potassium to protect the heart
3. CIt protects the kidneys and reduces albumin loss
4. DIt lowers the blood glucose to normal

C5 omurilik yaralanmasından iki gün sonra bir hasta kaygılıdır, solunum hızı 30/dk'dır ve vital kapasitesi düşmektedir. Hemşire ne yapmalıdır?

1. AAcilen üst basamağa bildirmeli: omurilik ödemi solunum yetmezliğine yol açabilir
2. BHava yolunu açmak için hastayı düz yatırıp başı geriye eğmelidir
3. CVital kapasiteyi yaklaşık 12 saat sonra yeniden kontrol etmelidir
4. DSolunumu yavaşlatmak ve kaygıyı gidermek için sedatif vermelidir

A patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome has a blood pressure that swings between 80/50 and 190/100 mmHg and a heart rate that changes suddenly. What does this suggest?

1. AAutonomic dysfunction, which needs continuous cardiac monitoring
2. BA drug reaction that means all medicines must stop
3. CAnxiety that will settle with reassurance alone
4. DA faulty blood pressure cuff that should be replaced and the readings ignored